228 DIVISION OF LEGISLATIVE POWER.
Dominion or to the provincial Legislatures to legislate
on certain subjects coming clearly within the class of subjects
which either Legislature has a right to deal with, such
power includes all the incidental subjects of legislation
which are necessary to carry on the object which the BN.A.
Act declared should be carried on by that Legislature. The
determining of the age or of other qualifications required by
those residing in the province of Quebec to manage their
own business, or to exercise certain professions or certain
branches of business attended with danger or risk for the
oublic, are local subjects in the nature of internal police
regulations ; and in passing laws upon those subjects, even if
those laws incidentally affect trade and commerce, it must
be held that this incidental power is included in the right
fo deal with the subjects specially placed under their
sontrol, the exercise of which cannot be considered to be
unconstitutional *.”
General 5. If a matter does not fall within any of the classes of
powers of subjects assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the
provinces, then it is within the general power given to the
Parliament of Canada “to make laws for the peace, order,
and good government of Canada.” On this ground an Act
of the Canadian Parliament introducing throughout the
Dominion uniform legislation for the promotion of tempe-
rance by prohibiting the sale of liquors, except under certain
restrictions, where the inhabitants of a county or city adopted
its provisions, is not witra wvires® This principle must
however be taken subject to the qualification that the matter
in question does mot fall within any of the restrictions
imposed by the Act on the powers of the Dominion Parlia-
ment. The Dominion Parliament, cannot for instance change
! Dorion, C. J., in Bennett v. Pharmaceutical Association of Quebec,
i Dorion Quebec Appeals 336, 2 Cart. 250. See also Ez parte Leveillé. Q.
2 Stephens Dig. 445, 2 Cart. 849.
! Russell v. the Queen. 46 IL. T.. N. S. 884.
