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UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE UNITED STATES 175 
a In other words, it is not the intention of 
the bill? 
Senator Wagner. Absolutely not, and I do not think that is the 
provision of the bill. I differ with him on that. 
Mr. Bacemann. If there is any legislation enacted on this, I want 
to see it in the bill, so that we know what we are legislating. 
Senator WaaNER. There is no question about that; that is the pur- 
pose of it. 
Mr. SumnEeRs. Senator, personally I have no doubt as to the con- 
stitutional power, under the decisions of the Supreme Court, to make 
this appropriation and, the Federal Government having made the 
appropriation, it can attach any conditions within reason and I would 
almost say can attach any condition, but I would not like to go that far, 
as I understand it, incident to the States’ acceptance of the appropri- 
tion. In other words, the Federal Government says, Congress says, 
“Now we are going to appropriate so much money and the States 
can avail themselves of it provided the States do certain things.” 
[ have no difficulty myself in so far as the constitutional power to do 
that sort of thing is concerned; but the thing I am concerned about— 
[ mean in this character of legislation—reaches to the philosophy that 
underlies the Constitution, as I understand it, and involves this essen- 
tal thing, as I appreciate it, in our system of government, namely, 
to preserve among the people and in the agencies of the Government 
closest to the poeple and more directly under popular control a sense 
of responsibility in dealing with all of these problems of Government. 
And 1 would like, in the formation of this legislation, for those who 
dave to do with it to have a responsibility in reference to it, to go as 
tar as can be gone to carry out the purpose you have in mind, so as 
fo leave discretion and responsibility in the States and to prevent 
shat thing which we so frequently observe in this character of legis- 
lation, name'y, the shriveling up and dwindling of State power and 
State control, in the sense of State responsibility, and the transfer 
of that power and responsibility to those Federal agencies. Now, 
that is the thing with which I am concerned and I believe every 
patriot interested in serving our system of government has that 
soncera, 
Senator WAGNER. I might say to the Congressman that is what I 
had in mind. There are two alternatives. Everybody agrees, who 
has studied this subject, that these employment exchanges are essen- 
tial. We must admit that State lines are no longer economic barriers. 
Mr. Suuners. Yes, I recognize it in Public Health; I recognize 
that the Federal Government, under present conditions, economic 
conditions, or conditions associated with transportation, performs 
proper, legitimate and none hurtful functions when it acts as a clear- 
ing house for the concentration of information and dissemination of 
nformation and, as an agency for the States in doing for the States 
that which a separate State can not do. I appreciate that. But in 
the doing of that thing, I would like to see the Federal Government 
eave untouched as nearly as possible that responsibility. 
Senator Waaner. Well how are we going to get cooperation 
detween the States; how can we ask the State to give us this informa- 
ion to transmit to other States, unless the Federal Government is in 
there somewhere between the States. You can have Federal employ- 
118808—30—=sER 11——12