70 UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE UNITED STATES 
Mr. LaGuarpia. The subordinates in this office in the State of 
New York are liable to and paid by the State of New York, and are 
under the State civil service laws of the State of New York? 
Miss PerkINs. Yes; except that there are a few in the employ- 
ment bureau who are employed by and pa’d by the Federal director. 
Mr. LAGuarDpia. Are they under the civil service? 
Miss Perkins. I do not know; they are employed by and paid by 
the Federal director, but they dove-tail their work in with the other 
people of the department. That is a device by which we get a cer- 
tain amount of Federal aid for the Federal employment system. 
This system has, nevertheless, been of invaluable aid to the people 
of the State. We have 11 offices in the State and we have built up 
a cooperative system with the help of the municipal and private 
employment offices of a charitable nature. which were no-fee taking 
offices. 
During the crises we have transferred some of the people in the 
Department of Labor to these offices temporarily, and this is to 
show what can be done by cooperation between the State and the 
city and the private enterprises. 
We bave been able to step-up the rate of placement, so that our 
average placement, which was 3,000 per month, un#il the 1st of 
February, when it began to go up, and in the month of May we 
placed 10,000, and all by setting-up a clearing house and collaborat- 
ing on the jobs daily. Every afternoon by 3 o’clock, through tele- 
phone communication and by mail, we clear up over the State, we 
clear up all our orders for jobs. 
So, if there were novelty workers who make pocket-books and 
things of that kind, needed in the city of Rochester, and there were 
none at hand there, we can send them from Albany, Syracuse and 
New York City, or other parts of the State, to Rochester to fill 
those places. 
Lis hes brought inestimable help to the men who wanted to go 
to a job. 
Moreover, these bureaus after getting men for positions for which 
they have been trained, they will take a man who was a bricklayer 
for the last 10 years and whom they learn or discover has learned at 
some time of his life a section of the printer’s trade when a boy, or some 
other skilled trade; and they take him and by a development of his 
knowledge and experience in that line he may be fitted for a trade in 
which there is not a lack of employment, or where he can fill in his 
seasonal slacks. In other words, the development of these bureaus 
offers an invaluable service to industry and industrial workers, without 
regard to State lines or boundaries. For it is more and more true 
that industry does not regard State lines. 
We have plants, industrial plants in the State of New York, that 
have other plants or branch plants in New Jersey or Pennsylvania, 
and their head men ere always going back and forth from one to the 
head of the other, thus passing from one State to the other. Why 
should not the citizens of Boston work in the city of Philadelphia when 
work is slack in Boston and plentiful in Philadelphia, in their own 
trade? And why should they not know of the fact that there is work 
in their line in plenty in a near-by city? 
That is what this exchange is for. It will not make jobs where 
there are no jobs; but coupled up with the other programs and the