The Fuel Products

1391

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The lank steamer. The oil which is pumped to the Gulf of Mexico is
carried away in steamers built especially for this purpose. Name two
companies that own most of these ** tankers.” Why does it cost much less
to load one of the tank boats than to load an ordinary cargo boat?
Explain why you would (or would not) expect to see many tankers passing
 through the Panama Canal. In which direction would most of them
be carrying oil
The tank car. Before pipe lines were extensively used, — and even today
 where the demand for oil is not sufficiently heavy to pay for their
installment, — a special type of railroad car carried the oil. On the
map showing the pipe lines, name ten large cities that depend on the tank
car to supply their petroleum.
Decide whether it is better for each of these cities to get its supply from
some city on a pipe-line route or from some port at which tank steamers
call.
The tank aulomobile. Tt was an easy task to adapt the motor truck to
the special purpose of carrying oil. What advantages has a motor tank
over the other methods of transporting petroleum ?
H. Natural gas.
1 Usually when a reservoir of oil beneath the earth’s surface is tapped by
man, great quantities of natural gas rush out. No other resource has been
so recklessly wasted as this rich and cheap natural fuel. The daily loss
in the United States is estimated to have been equal to the heating value
of one million bushels of coal. Since there are about 26 bushels in one
short ton, approximately how many tons of coal have been wasted yearly?

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MAIN PIT

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Fig. 10-“his

 map shows only the main pipe lines in the United States.
pipe lines would reach about twice around the earth.

The total mileage of