318

INDEX

Collective bargaining, 133, 141.
Community, interests of the, 268, 26g.
Comparative, costs, 37, 207.
Competition, 3, 4.16, 49, 72, 203, 204,
265.
hindrances to free, 97,
103, 126.
of imports and domestic
products, 202, 208.
persistent with decreasing
costs, 55.
Composite demand, 69.
Conditions of supply, 42-45.
Constant costs, 47, 291, 309.
’ expenses, 50.
Consumption, 12.
-capital and trade-capital,
17, 284.
conspicuous, 24.
” duties, 266.
Contract, liberty of, 268-270.
Contract-rent, 102.
Control of capital and interest, 83, 88.
5 ’ profits, 157.
Conventional necessaries, 9, 129.
Co-operation, 116, 147, 148, 268, 270.
Cost of carriage in foreign trade, 253.
Cost of production and rent, 109-112,
313.
and value, 46-64.
59 of labour, 134.
Cost, prime and total, 59.
Costs, constant, 47, 291, 309.
» decreasing, 47, 52, 291, 292, 300.
»» increasing, 47, 54, 291, 308, 300.
Country banks, England and Wales,
185, 186.
Cultivating ownership, 116.
Cumulative effects of forced standard of
living, 130-132.
Currency principle, the, 190.
Custom. 112.

Demand, composite, 69. .
curve, 298, 306.
elasticity of, 26, 302.
-equation, 297.
joint-, 67, 68.
-price, 22.
» marginal, of labour,
125.
Demand and supply in international
trade, 200.
Demand for capital, 80-83.
»» labour, 118.
Department stores, 75.
Deposits, bank-, 182, 191.
»s »» interest on, in England,
240.
Depreciation of paper - currency, 183,
191.
safeguards
against,
185.
Diffusion of tax-burdens, 284, 285,
Diminishing returns, 15, 98, 99, 203,
211.
- utility, 23, 297, 208.
Discount-rate, 238.
Distinction, the craving for, 24.
Distribution, 12, 38, 273, 314, 315.
of gold supply of world,
234.
's of taxation, 280.
Diversity of industry, 259.
Division of burden of protective duties,
250-253.
Division of labour, 212.
Domestic service, wages of, 143.
Domestic-trade values, 201.
Duty, effect of a new, 249, 250.
Earnings of management, 152,153.
“conomic method, 12,
2% weakness, 289.
Economics, its divisions, 12.
» its subject matter, 5.
Economies of large-scale production,
208, 254.
Economy of gold, 234.
Economy, maximum, 61.
Effective product of labour, 119,
Efficiency and wages, 130.
maintenance of, 134, 285,
286.
necessaries for, 9, 10, 276,
277.
i. of money, 169.
Elastic limit of note-issues, 186.
Elasticity of demand, 26, 302.
issue of notes, 190,
supply of labour, 125.

kd
1

DATA of economic arguments, 13.
Dealers, 35, 40.
Death-rate and labour-supply, 130.
Debts, national, 7, 292.
Decreasing costs, 47, 54, 302, 309, 31 3
’s returns, 48, 98, 99.
' utility, 23, 297, 298.
’s 5» of capital, 8o.
Deferred payments, standard for, 165,
177.
Definition of money, 174.
2s wealth, 6.
Degradation of labour, 131, 1 38.
Degressive taxation, 277.
Demand, its statement, 25.
«changes in, 29, 58. 299.