INTRODUCTION. 
stherwise the province has full jurisdiction in regard to the 
sdministration of justice, and may by fine or imprisonment 
enforce any law relating to any subject within its juris- 
liction. 
All laws require the assent of the Lieutenant-Governor of 
‘he province, and power is given to the Governor-General 
so disallow any provincial law. 
Toran) At the head of the Provincial Executive is the Lieutenant- 
Governor, a Dominion officer, appointed by the Governor- 
(General. An Executive Council, selected by him on the 
same principles that govern the selection of the members of 
she English Cabinet, assists and advises him in administering 
public affairs. The Council holds office so long as it retains 
the confidence of the legislature; if such confidence be lost 
the members resign, and those who enjoy the support of the 
majority in the legislature take their places. 
The Lieutenant-Governor summons, prorogues and dis- 
solves the provincial legislature, and discharges other im- 
portant duties conferred on him by statute. 
pominion In framing the constitution of the central legislature the 
Lagiste- House of Lords seems to have been taken as the type of an 
Upper House, and the United States Assembly as the type 
of a Lower House. Some difference of opinion prevailed as 
to whether members of the Upper House should be elected 
or nominated, but it was finally decided that the nominative 
principle should be followed, and that as an hereditary body 
vas unsuited to Canada all appointments should be for life. 
A property qualification of 4000 dollars was imposed, and all 
senators were required to be not less than 30 years of age. 
The The number of senators was fixed at 72, and as it was 
Senate. rnd that the provinces in favour of union fell into three 
groups, viz. Upper Canada or Ontario, with its agricultural 
population and agricultural interests, Lower Canada or Quebec, 
with its special institutions and laws, and the maritime pro-