cmap. 11] TREATMENT OF NATIVE RACES 1057
which show that much is being done to improve the material
conditions, though unfortunately it is doubtful whether
the future for the Indian people can be satisfactory, as the
native virtues of the Indians have disappeared, in a large
measure through contact with the whites, and the population
appears to tend to decline. It is still, however, of great value
in the unorganized territories of Canada, in which it is care-
fully superintended by the Canadian Government, which has
created a police force of almost unequalled capacity and
ability to deal with the Indians. There is also a possibility
of advantages accruing to them from the construction of
the railway of the western provinces to the Hudson Bay.
In the case of Newfoundland and Labrador the local
Government has also had full control of the natives. In
Newfoundland itself there is a native settlement which is
not very prosperous, though that does not appear to be any
fault of the Government. An interesting report on its
condition was given in a report of a visit paid in 1908 to
the Micmac Indians by Sir W. Macgregor.?
In Labrador the Indians form a more important part of
the population, but Labrador is almost destitute of regular
government. Its present condition is fully described in an
slaborate report made by Sir W. Macgregor which was
presented in 1905 to the Parliament of N: ewfoundland. Good
results for natives and Europeans alike are being achieved
by Dr. Grenfell’s famous mission, and an Act of 1911 pre-
vents the exploitation of natives for exhibition purposes.
§ 3. NEW ZEALAND
In the case of New Zealand? for a time the Imperial
Jovernment exercised a control over the natives directly.
- The land legislation of Canada was amended in 1911 in Indian
interests. When land is needed it is acquired by the Government, which
sees that adequate lands are left in Indian hands. Cf. House of Commons
Debates, 1910-1, pp. 7785 seq. * Parl. Pap., Cd. 4197.
3 See accounts of Maori progress in the Official Year Book, and in the
wnnual reports of the Minister for Education. Rusden’s New Zealand is
an indictment of the misgovernment of the whites, and cf. Sir A. Gordon
n Parl, Pap., C. 3382. But things have changed for the better since 1884.
1279°2 Kk
