cHAP. X] MILITARY AND NAVAL DEFENCE 1257 
the Colony of Basutoland, which had been permanently 
transferred to their care in 1871, and which it was found 
necessary in 1883 to retransfer to the Imperial Government, 
but the question of the Zulus became acute, and, when that 
was disposed of, the annexation of the Boer Republic of the 
Transvaal in 1877, followed by a revolt of the Boers and 
the subsequent retransfer, gave a new Imperial interest to the 
maintenance of forces in South Africa. Gradually, however, 
with the settlement of the country the Imperial forces were 
reduced, and in the negotiations for the grant of responsible 
government to Natal the Colony was clearly given to under- 
stand that the Imperial Government would only maintain 
Imperial forces therein for a period of five years after the 
grant of responsible government was effected. But by 
that time a new Imperial difficulty had arisen in the shape 
of the incursion of the forces under Dr. Jameson into the 
territories of the South African Republic, as the Transvaal 
had been called since the second treaty of 1884. After that 
event the relations between the Imperial Government and the 
Government of the Republic became increasingly strained, 
and ultimately the war broke out in 1899. After the con- 
clusion of the war in 1902 the garrison of South Africa had 
been considerably reduced, but it: still remains a considerable 
one, and South Africa will not probably be able to undertake 
its own defence until some time has elapsed after union. 
Mr. Molteno 2 in the debates on the South Africa Bill urged 
that the troops should be withdrawn, re-echoing his father’s 
view in the case of the Cape—but the responsible government 
appears not to be eager to arrange for this. The responsi- 
bility for the internal order of the Bechuanaland Protectorate, 
Basutoland, and Swaziland will still rest with the Imperial 
Government, who are also ultimately responsible for the 
internal order of the whole of Rhodesia, though the control 
of the police, taken away after the raid, was restored in 1911 
to the Chartered Company’s administration. 
* Parl, Pap., C. 6487, p. 22. Of course against external attack by the 
South African Republic a promise of aid without question was given; see 
Parl, Pay, Cd. 44. * House of Commons Debates, ix. 986.