PART VIII. IMPERIAL UNITY AND 
IMPERIAL CO-OPERATION 
CHAPTER I 
THE UNITY OF THE EMPIRE 
§ 1. Tre Existing Uniry 
TuE study of responsible government in the Dominions 
unquestionably leaves rather the impression of dispersion 
than of unity ; it is, as we have seen, a long record of the 
giving up of claims to control, and the leaving to the Domi- 
nions the power to do as they will in their own affairs. If it 
has not yet resulted in the grant of a status as international 
states 1 it is clear that it has gone far upon the way to do so. 
But this view would be partial and misleading, and the 
other side of the question becomes obvious when it is 
remembered that the people and the Crown are ultimately 
one people and one Crown. 
[t is of course true that there is a certain tendency to adopt 
the theory that there is a special species of nationality in each 
Dominion ; that a man is a Canadian, an Australian, a New 
Zealander, a South African, and there is even some sanction of 
law for the use of such terms. For example, the immigration 
law of Canada of 1910 (c. 27) creates a new and strange entity, 
a Canadian citizen who is defined as a person who is domiciled 
in Canada, and who fulfils certain conditions laid down in 
the Act. If such a person leaves Canada he is entitled to 
return thither whatever happens; he cannot be excluded 
because he may fall under the categories which otherwise 
are fatal to an immigrant’s chance of passing the tests on 
entrance. There is no recognition of the idea of an Austra- 
' The use of the term Sovereign of the States and the Commonwealth 
in 1 C. L. R. 91, at p. 109; 4 C.L. R. 1087, at pp. 1121. 1126. is corrected 
by 5 C. L. R. 737, at p. 740. 
* Cf. Turner L.J. in Low v. Routledge, 1 Ch. App. 42, at pp. 46, 47. 
1279'3 AQ