THE AUSTRALIAN STATES 1597 
VIII. The Governor may constitute and appoint in Our name and 
on Our behalf, all such Judges, Commissioners, Justices of the Peace 
and other necessary Officers and Ministers of the State as may be 
lawfully constituted or appointed by Us 
IX. When any crime or offence has been committed within the 
State against the laws of the State, or for which the offender may be 
tried therein, the Governor may as he shall see occasion, in Our name 
and on Our behalf, grant a pardon to any accomplice in such crime 
or offence who shall give such information as shall lead to the con- 
viction of the principal offender, or of any one of such offenders if 
more than one ; and further, may grant to any offender convicted in 
any Court of the State, or before any Judge, or other Magistrate of 
the State, within the State, a pardon, either free or subject to lawful 
conditions, or any remission of the sentence passed on such offender, 
or any respite of the execution of such sentence for such period as the 
Governor thinks fit; and further may remit any fines, penalties, or 
forfeitures due or accrued to Us: Provided always that the Governor 
shall in no case, except where the offence has been of a political 
nature unaccompanied by any other grave crime, make it a condition 
of any pardon or remission of sentence that the offender shall absent 
himself or be removed from the State. 
X. The Governor may, so far as We Ourselves lawfully may, upon 
sufficient cause to him appearing, remove from his office, or suspend 
from the exercise of the same, any person exercising any office or 
place under the State, under or by virtue of any Commission or 
Warrant granted, or which may be granted, by Us, in Our name, 
or under Our authority.4 
XI. The Governor may exercise all powers lawfully belonging to 
Us in respect of the summoning, proroguing, or dissolving any 
Legislative Body, which now is or hereafter may be established within 
Our said State,5and in respect of the appointment of Members thereto. 
XII. In the event of the death, incapacity, or removal of the 
Governor, or of his departure from the State, or of his assuming the 
administration of the Government of the Commonwealth of Australia,’ 
Our Lieutenant-Governor, or, if there be no such Officer in the State, 
‘any lands within the State subject to the laws in force for the time being for 
regulating the sale or disposal of Crown lands.’ 
* IX, Western Australia ; VI, Queensland and South Australia. The power 
of appointment, as of dismissal (X), is statutory, but this clause allows the use 
of the royal name. 
? Such crimes would be tried as a rule by State Courts under Admiralty 
jurisdiction, as to which the Commonwealth Parliament has not yet legislated. 
* X, Western Australia ; VII, Queensland and South Australia. 
* XI, Western Australia ; VIII, Queensland and South Australia. 
} XII, Western Australia ; IX, Queensland and South Australia. 
* Not in Victoria, South Australia, or Tasmania. In Western Australia they 
are now otiose, as the Council has ceased to be nominee. 
? The words in italics apply to New South Wales only, and were added by 
letters patent of Dec. 1, 1909, because it was known that the Governor would 
nave occasion to administer the Government of the Commonwealth. 
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