LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

v4

FIG. PAGE
18. The Oxus Basin . 62
19. The Russian Position North of Afghanistan 63
20. The Orography of the Hindu Kush 66
21. The Sources of the Oxus . 68
22. Routes on the Northern Frontier . . 70
23. Medizval Routes from Peshawur to Kabul r
24. The Khaibar Route to Kabul . ‘ “3
25. Peshawur to Kohat . » 3
26. The Frontier Railways  . "8
27. Routes from Kabul over the Hindu Kush . . 5
28. Relative Positions of the three Chief Cities of Afghanistan 87
29. The Route from Herat to Kandahar . 38
30. The Valley of the Hari Rud . : . . 92
31. Northern Frontier—Tribal Distribution . : 95
32. Routes in Kashmir . . : . . . 106
33. The Bend of the Indus ‘ . . 111
34. The Tibetan Plateau . 112
35. The Sources of the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra . 113
36. The Sources of the Indus, Sutlej, Ghdgra, and Brahmaputra . I 18
37. Comparative Elevations, British, Alpine, Himalayan, 122
38. The Alps and the Himalayas on the same Scale 123
39. High Stations of the Himalayas 124
40. Indus River Basin . . 3 : 134
41. Indus Delta showing Ancient Channels of the Indus 138
42. The Rivers of the Punjab . . : 140
43. The Upper Gangetic Basin . 143
44. Northern India Railway Communication 144
45. The Lower Brahmaputra and Gangetic Delta 145
46. The Deltaic Channels of the Ganges 148
47. Central India Orography . 150
48. The Narbada-Tapti Basin 154
49. The Godavari Basin . 158
so. The Godavari Delta . 159
51. The Coromandel Coast. 163
52. Malabar Coast; Western Ghits 165
53. The Uplands of Mysore . ’ 166
54. The Satpuras and Western Ghits 167
zz. The Bend of the Brahmaputra . 7