bo CANADA AND THE EMPIRE.

treaty. On losing her favoured treatment in the
markets of the States, Canada passed through
several years of severe depression. She emerged
from it much embittered against her great neighbour,
 and it is perhaps a commentary upon the
effect of preferential treaties in general that her
relations with the United States were far less
friendly after the treaty had been broken off
than they had been before it was ratified. The
reciprocal treatment has never been resumed. The
United States entered upon her career of Protection,
and whilst she still exported to Canada, her fear
of imports gave Canada little trade in return. With
each successive rise in the tariff, Canada received a
blow to some of her exporting industries, and she
has some ground for believing that in many cases
new tariff arrangements were directly aimed at her
commerce. To Canadian requests for a renewal of
the reciprocal treaty the United States has turned
a deaf ear and unbendingly continued a policy
which practically amounts to a boycott of Canadian
manufacturers. Naturally such a policy has not
warmed Canadian feelings towards the United
States,

But trade policy has not been the only cause of
friction between the two countries. On a continent
so vast and at first so sparsely inhabited it was
inevitable that many disputed questions of frontier
would arise when the country filled up. Such has
indeed been the case. When peace was concluded
with what are now the United States, after our