24 REPORT ON COOPERATION IN AMERICAN EXPORT TRADE.
By securing a broader market for his output the American manufacturer
 should not only, through enlarging the capacity of his
works, be enabled to produce at a lower cost per unit, but there
would also be an increased employment of labor. Furthermore, a
greater stability would be promoted in many of the industries, With
a broader market, periods of local industrial depression have less
effect on the business of the manufacturer. In some industries there
are wide differences between the different countries in the seasonal
character of their demand. For example, in the United States in the
winter time the use of Portland cement falls off, and as a result the
manufacture is curtailed during those months. This, however, is
summer time in Argentina and Chile, when building activity is at
its height. Could those markets be secured for American cement,
the cement producers would have a better opportunity to steady their
production, keep their workmen more regularly employed, and lower
their operating costs by manufacturing and exporting their product
during the dull domestic season. At the time when summer is coming
 on in the United States, and the demand for coal is declining, the
South American winter is just beginning. What is true of the
seasonal fluctuation of demand in cement and coal also applies to
various other commodities.