the  rise  and  fall  of  the  international.  l8l
our  heresies.”  Marx  carried  the  majority  with  him  ;  and  the
general  council,  far  from  being  suppressed,  was  given  the  right
of  suspending  sections  and  even  federations,  saving  appeal  to
congress.  This  decision  excited  the  warmest  protests.  The
Blanquists,  including,  Ranvier,  Coumet,  and  Vaillant,  left  the
congress.  Then  followed  an  inquiry  into  the  case  of  Bakunin
and  Guillaume.  Both  were  declared  excluded,  as  having  been
shown  to  belong  to  "the  Alliance,"a  secret  society  founld  on
statutes  completely  opposed  to  those  of  the  International.
Marx  also  obtained  a  decision  that  the  seat  of  the  general
council  should  be  transferred  to  New  York.  He  hoped  thus  to
take  It  away  from  the  causes  of  division  which  threatened  it  in
urope.  The  reason  he  gave  was  that  this  would  be  a  means
of  gaming  over  the  working  men  of  the  United  States,  who  in
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the  power,  and  thus  give  practical  effect  to  social  reforms.
1  he  Congress  of  the  Hague  gave  the  death-blow  to  the  Inter-IT