ENGLAND:  BRISTOL.

105

sacks  in  the  hold  of  vessel,  weighing  and  loading  into  railway  trucks
or  wagons.  The  warehouse  rate  includes  metering,  filling  sacks  in  the
hold  of  vessel,  weighing,  housing,  and  redelivery  to  railway  trucks  or
to  craft  alongside.  The  rates  per  100  bushels  for  wheat  and  linseed
worked  throughout  in  original  bags  are:  Ship  to  craft,  62  cents;
ship  to  truck,  73  cents;  warehouse  rate,  $1.16;  rent  per  week,  8
cents.  When  extra  men  have  to  be  employed  or  extra  expenses  incurred ­
  in  consequence  of  the  high  temperature  of  cargo  or  other  causes,
an  extra  charge  will  be  made.  For  grain  out  of  condition,  which
requires  a  lower  storage  than  4  feet  6  inches,  2  cents  per  100  bushels
per  week  extra  will  be  charged  for  each  foot  less  in  height.
The  above  rates  apply  only  to  labor  operations  during  the  ordinary
Working  hours.  Overtime  will  be  charged  according  to  expense
incurred.
All  nationalities  are  treated  exactly  alike  by  the  administrators  of
the  warehouses,  both  free  and  bonded.  Local  warehouses  are  not
nsed  by  Americans,  simply  because  there  are  no  local  importers  of
our  nationality,  but  the  bulk  of  the  grain  and  provisions  stored  is
doubtless  of  American  and  Canadian  origin.
The  facilities  for  the  removal  of  free  goods  to  warehouse  are  complete ­
  and  up  to  date  in  Bristol.  The  grain  warehouses  are  supplied
with  every  modem  appliance  for  handling  grain,  either  in  bulk  or
sacked.  The  contiguity  of  the  transit  sheds—which  are  really  warehouses ­
  for  storing  for  a  limited  time—and  of  the  larger  warehouses  to
the  quay  side,  and  the  complete  equipment  of  modern  traveling
cranes,  insure  the  maximum  dispatch  and  the  minimum  cost  for
shifting  cargo  from  ship  to  warehouse.
BONDED  WAREHOUSES.
There  exists  in  Bristol  immense  accommodation  for  bonded  goods,
the  result  of  the  great  tobacco  manufacturing  industry  and  of  the
supremacy  of  Bristol  for  centuries  as  an  importer  of  wines  from  the
Continent.  Storage  places  for  bonded  goods  are  not  owned  by  the
municipality,  nor  are  they  in  such  close  proximity  to  the  docks  as  are
the  free  warehouses.  The  limited  number  of  dutiable  articles  in  the
English  tariff  renders  it  unnecessary  to  provide  extended  bonded
accommodation  close  to  the  ship.
The  accommodations  provided  for  the  two  classes  of  bonded  goods
are  quite  distinct.  In  olden  times  it  seems  to  have  been  easy  for  anybody ­
  to  secure  authority  to  bond  a  wine  cellar,  hence  certain  parts
of  the  foundations  of  the  older  portion  of  the  city  are  honeycombed
with  cellars,  many  of  which  are  bonded.  These  cellars  are  to  be
found  in  the  most  unlikely  places—under  old  and  decaying  houses  and
amid  surroundings  which  indicate  a  once  prosperous  neighborhood
fallen  upon  evil  times.  However  dilapidated  the  house  may  be,
fhe  cellar  must  be  kept  in  good  condition  to  retain  its  bond,  and
is  subject  to  the  same  regulations,  the  same  careful  custom-house
oversight,  as  if  it  were  a  new  structure.  I  have  examined  into  the
conditions  under  which  these  cellars  for  the  storing  of  alcoholic
liquors  are  maintained  and  controlled.  I  find  nothing,  however,  to
learn  from  their  management,  except  in  one  respect,  and  I  am  not
certain  that  this  point  will  be  new  to  the  administrators  of  our