CONTENTS

XIII

S  PAGB
4-  Estimate  of  Minor  Causes—Trade  Depression  Shown  as
Major  Cause  50
5-  Short  Period  and  Long  Period  Fluctuations  5 1
6.  Strikes  as  Causes  of  Unemployment  5  2
7>  Unemployed  Capital  and  Land  as  well  as  Labour  ...  54
CHAPTER  V
THE  ROOT  CAUSE  OF  UNEMPLOYMENT
I.  Fallacy  of  the  Piecemeal  Treatment  of  the  Unemployed
Question  56
2 *  Need  of  a  Unified  Organic  Treatment  57
3-  Central  Fact—General  Excess  of  Producing-power  ...  59
4-  A  Priori  Assumptions  of  Economists  60
5  •  True  Meaning  of  “  Over-production  ”  60
G-  Authorities  Admit  a  General  Excess.  Evidence  of
Commission  61
7*  The  Testimony  of  Recent  Industrial  History  63
8.  Failure  of  Consumption  to  keep  Pace  with  Growth  of
Productive  Power  65
9-  Wasteful  Multiplication  of  Distributors  66
The  Abnormal  Growth  of  Retail-Traders  68
II-  The  Causes  of  Waste  of  Distributive  power  69
,2 -  Why  Waste  Takes  a  Different  Form  in  Distribution
and  in  Manufacture  7°
*3-  False  Assumption  that  all  Power  to  Consume  must  be
Exercised  72
*4'  Is  Desire  to  Consume  the  only  Motive  to  Production?  73
*5'  Does  all  Saving  Give  Increased  Employment?  74
*6.  Excessive  forms  of  Capital  do  Exist  76
*7-  The  Theoretic  Limit  of  Socially  Jseful  Forms  of  Capital  78
*8.  How  Excessive  Forms  of  Capital  Stop  Production  ...  79