CREFELD. 
157 
•Standing 1900-1905, 3*3d. ; 1870-1895, 3d. ; 1865, 2-4d. ; 1855, 2-ld. ; 
1845, l'5d. ; 1838, l &f. 
In the baking trade the system of living-in is still universal. This system 
can only apply, of course, to single men, and when journeymen bakers marry 
they generally start for themselves or turn to some other trade. Wages are 
reckoned by the month, and the value of board and lodging is calculated at 
12s. weekly ; including this allowance the predominant wage for first hands 
is 27 s. No Sunday baking is done at Crefeld. 
The level of wages of skilled men in the building trades at Crefeld is 78 
per cent, of that for the same occupations in Berlin, while for labourers it is 
85 per cent. In the engineering trade, the wages of skilled men and of 
labourers are 90 and 101 per cent, respectively of the Berlin level, and in the 
printing trades the corresponding figure is 88 per cent. 
Wages and Hours of Labour in the Principal Occupations, October, 1905. 
Weekly Wages. 
Weekly Horn's of 
Labour. 
Building Trades* :— 
Bricklayers and Masons 
Carpenters 
Joiners and Cabinetmakers 
Plumbers and Fitters 
Painters ... 
Stucco-workers 
Plasterers 
Hodmen 
Labourers 
Engineering Works 
Moulders 
Fitters ... 
Turners ... 
Smiths ... 
Pattern-makers 
Labourers 
Boiler-making Works :— 
Angle-ironsmiths 
Boilersmiths 
Ri vetters 
Holders-up 
Boilersmiths’ Helpers 
Labourers 
Textile Trades :— 
Silk and Silk ribbon Weaving and Finishing 
Stuff Weavers 
Ribbon Weavers 
Reelers ... ... ... ... ••• 
Finishers 
Velvet and Plush Weaving and Finishing :— 
Weavers... 
Finishers 
Bilk Printing :— 
Printers (full men) 
Labourers (agreement minimum) ... 
Silk Dyeing :— 
Independent Colour Dyers 
Black Dyers (adults) 
Cotton Spinning :— 
Spinners... 
Winders... 
Scutchers 
Boot and Shoe Trade :— 
Clickers 
Pressmen 
Lasters ... 
Heel-makers 
Labourers 
Pood and Drink Trades :— 
Bakers—1st men 
„ 2nd men 
Brewers (skilled) 
Brewers’ draymen 
30s. Id. 
30s. 8c/. 
25s. 
24s. 
22s. 10d. to 26s. 5d. 
30s. Id. 
25s. 2d. 
23s. 
21s. 10c/. 
33s. to 34s. Id. 
27s. to 30s. 
30s. „ 33s. 
27s. „ 33s. 
32s. „ 35s. 
21s. „ 23s. 
30s. to 31s. 2d. 
33 s. 
33s. 
19s. 2d. to 21s. 
16s. 2d. „ 18s. 
22s. 2d. to 22s. 10c/. 
21s. to 24s. 
30s. 
19s. 10c/. 
22s. 
24s. to 27s. 
22s. 
27s. 
18s. 
27 s. 
22s. 6c/. 
30s. to 31s. 
19s. 2d. 
21s. 
20s. to 24s. 
20s. „ 24s. 
24s. 
24s. 
18s. 
27s. t 
20s. to 22s.f 
26s. „ 28s. 
23s. to 25s. 
59 
59 
594 
60 
59& 
594 
60 
59 
59 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
60 
58-584 
58-584 
58-584 
58-584 
58-584 
58-584 
584 
60 
60 
64 
64 
64 
594 
594 
594 
594 
60-64 
60-64 
60 
60 
* The wages and hours of labour stated for the building trades are for a full week in summer, 
t Including 12s. as the equivalent of board and lodging.