DANTZIG.

167

The  Municipality  owns  7,538  acres  of  land  of  which,  however,  only  538
are  within  the  urban  area.  In  addition  it  administers  or  controls  622  acres,  of
which  69  are  inside  the  town.  The  gas,  water  and  electricity  supplies  are
municipal  undertakings,  but  not  the  electric  tramway.
In  October,  1904,  a  new  technical  high  school  was  opened  in  Dantzig,  at
which  practical  scientific  instruction  in  shipbuilding  is  given  a  prominent  place
in  the  course  of  study  provided.
Occupations,  Wages  and  Hours  of  Labour.
A  general  indication  has  already  been  afforded  of  the  main  directions  in
which  the  working  classes  of  Dantzig  find  their  employment.  Materials  do
not  exist  for  an  exact  classification  of  the  whole  body  of  workpeople  according ­
  to  occupation  groups,  as  the  results  of  the  last  German  occupation  Census
have  not  yet  been  published.  The  most  that  can  be  attempted  therefore,  is
to  show  the  distribution  according  to  main  groups  of  industry  of  those
workpeople  who  are  employed  in  establishments  subject  to  inspection  as
factories  or  workshops.  This  is  done  in  the  following  Table,  of  which  the
figures  relate  to  the  year  1906.

Workpeople  employed  in  Factories  and  Workshops  in  Dantzig  in  1906.

Group  of  Trades.

Building  »  -  -  ...  ...  ...  ...
Mining  and  smelting
Metal  working
Machine,  implement  and  apparatus
making  (including  shipbuilding).
Textiles
Clothing  and  cleaning
Printing,  lithography,  bookbinding,  &c
Paper  ...  ...  ...  ...
Woodworking  and  carving
Chemicals  ...
Resins,  varnishes,  soap,  oil,  candles,  &c
Stone  and  earth
Food,  drink  and  tobacco  ...
Total

Number  of
Establishments.

9
1
24
37
5
119
21
3
49
7
10
10
177

472

Number  of  Workpeople.

Male.

481
319
288
8,011
47
23
414
19
1,190
72
387
251
1,824

13,326

Female.

10
107
816
318
53
53
241
18
30
764

2,410

Total.

481
319
288
8,021
154
839
732
72
1,243
313
405
281
2,588

15,736

As  the  above  statement  deals  only  with  the  labour  employed  in  establishments ­
  ranking  as  factories  or  workshops  it  fails  to  take  account  of  two  of  the
most  important  branches  of  employment  for  male  labour  in  Dantzig,  viz.,  the  outdoor ­
  building  trades  and  dock  and  riverside  labourers.  The  number  of  workpeople ­
  employed  in  the  building  trades  in  Dantzig  at  the  present  time  may  be
taken  as  being  not  less  than  3,000  (the  actual  number  in  189o  was  2,o00)  ;
that  of  the  dock  labourers  is  estimated  at  2,000.
Outside  the  building  trades  the  trade  union  movement  is  still  somewhat
undeveloped  in  Dantzig.'  At  the  end  of  1905  there  were  in  all  about  3,600
Workmen  belonging  to  the  unions  affiliated  to  the  local  trades  council  (  (jewerk-Schafts-Kartell),
  and  of  those  2,100  were  in  the  building  trades,  the  largest
union  beino-  that  of  the  masons  and  bricklayers,  which  had  1,019  members.  Of
the  other  affiliated  trades  may  be  mentioned  the  metal-workers,  with  510
members,  the  carpenters  with  340,  the  bricklayers  labourers  with  300,  the
painters  with  290,  the  compositors  with  243,  the  wood-workers  with  220,  and
the  dock  labourers  with  127  members.

As  is  usual  where  workmen’s  organisations  are  undeveloped  collective
arguments  fixing  the  conditions  of  labour  are  few,  and  they  exist  in  Dantzig
only  for  the  masons  and  bricklayers  and  their  labourers,  for  carpenters  and
joiners,  plumbers  and  compositors.  Except  in  the  case  of  joiners,  whose
agreement  fixes  piece-work  rates  only,  provision  is  made  in  each  case  for  a
minimum  rate  of  time  wage  and  a  maximum  working  day,  and  the  rates  and