208 
DÜSSELDORF. 
industries of Düsseldorf between 1875 and 1895 may, however, be obtained from 
the following table, based on the results of the three great Occupation Censuses 
of 1875, 1882 and 1895 
Group of Trades. 
Number of persons occupied. 
1875 
Building... 
Smelting, &c 
Metal Working and Machine Making 
Textiles ... 
Clothing and Cleaning 
Commerce 
Other ... ... ... ... 
Total ... 
1,491 
1,392 
3,017 
1,703 
2,701 
2,516 
5,941 
18,761 
1882 
1,959 
2,957 
4,115 
1,672 
3,284 
4,245 
7,884 
26,116 
1895 
6,896 
4,403 
10,172 
3,172 
5,004 
7,914 
16,019 
53,580 
The most recent classification of the purely industrial population is the 
official return of employees in factories and workshops and undertakings 
included with them, under official inspection. Of such employees there were, 
in 1905, 31,636, engaged in 917 undertakings, 27,244, or 86T per cent., 
being males. The great preponderance of the mineral, metal, and engineering 
trades is shown by the fact that they embraced 6T8 per cent, of all the 
workpeople, viz. :—mining, smelting, &c., 5,133, metal working, 8,213, and 
machine, implement and apparatus making, 6,205. After them came the textile 
trades, with 2,122 workpeople (of whom 1,054 or 49 7 per cent, were females), 
equal to 6*7 per cent, of the whole. Of the 4,382 female workers 1,361, or 
31*0 per cent., were over 21 years of age, 2,257, or 51 4 per cent., were 
between 16 and 21, and 774, or 17*6 per cent., were 16 years or under. The 
return is as follows :— 
Group of Trades. 
! Number 
of 
Establish 
ments. 
Mining, smelting, and salt works 
Metal-working 
Machinery, implement, and 
apparatus making. 
Textiles 
Clothing and cleaning 
-Paper ... ... ... ... 
Printing, lithography, bookbind 
ing, &c. 
Woodworking and carving 
Chemicals ... 
Resins, varnishes, oil, soap, 
candles, &c. 
Stone and earth 
Food, drink, and tobacco 
Leather 
Total... 
22 
117 
28 
242 
26 
39 
79 
15 
35 
197 
3 
917 
Number of Workpeople. 
Males 
over 
16 years. 
Females 
over 
16 years. 
5,029 
7,542 
5,788 
1,011 
285 
583 
991 
1,800 
179 
500 
927 
1,281 
7 
25,923 
169 
12 
876 
1,183 
236 
371 
70 
163 
234 
81 
221 
2 
3,618 
Juveniles 
14, but 
not over 
16 years. 
104 
501 
405 
235 
310 
■67 
104 
100 
41 
25 
69 
121 
9 
2,085 
Children 
under 
14 years. 
10 
Total. 
5,133 
8,213 
6,205 
2,122 
1,786 
886 
1,467 
1,970 
383 
759 
1,077 
1,623 
12 
11,636 
The engineering trade of Düsseldorf is many-sided, and upon this 
trade the town rests its high industrial reputation. Most of the larger works 
are situated either upon the outskirts or at some distance from the town, 
though they are well served by the tramway system. The principal manu 
factures are steam engines, locomotives, bridges, boilers, cranes, machine tools, 
mining plant, and electrical machinery. A considerable amount of work is 
done for the English market. There are also important iron and steel works, 
which produce plates and railway material, and there are ordnance and cartridge 
factories. The Düsseldorf machinery works rank amongst the best equipped