XXll 
Inasmuch as the sausage is largely composed of pork, it will be seen that 
the three forms of pork together constitute about 58 per cent, of the total meat 
consumption, and beef another 30 per cent. ; the other kinds of meat are 
therefore of relatively small importance. The proportions, as shown by the 
budgets, vary, however, considerably from town to town. Thus the highest 
consumption of Beef is shown by Munich, where it is 53 per cent, of the total 
weekly consumption ; it is lowest at Brunswick, only 19 per cent. The 
proportion of Pork is greatest at Bochum, where it amounts to nearly 32 per cent. ; 
at Düsseldorf, which is lowest but one in the list, it is nearly 11 per cent, 
and then drops to 5 per cent, at Barmen. Sausage, of which a very 
large number of varieties are sold, ranges from 41 per cent, at Stassfurt 
to 12^ per cent, at Aachen. Bacon is 29 per cent, at Königshütte, but 
then drops sharply to 19^ per cent, at Aachen, and declines to 1^ per cent, 
at Nuremberg, I ^ per cent, at Munich, and 0'3 per cent, at Aschaffenburg. 
It may be remarked that " bacon ” in Germany is of two kinds, one consisting 
wholly of fat, and the other “ streaky ” ; the former is used almost solely 
for frying purposes. What are regarded in England as the best cuts — 
from the back—are not sold ; the fat is removed entirely from the back and 
ribs, and the remainder of those parts is sold as pork chops ; " streaky bacon ” 
therefore consists solely of cuts from the belly. Veal forms 11^ per cent, of 
the total consumption at Munich, and 9^ per cent, at Stuttgart ; the proportion 
gradually falls to 0*7 pei cent, at Bremen. Mutton, against which there appears 
to be a marked prejudice in certain parts of Germany, is 9 per cent, at Stettin 
and 8 per cent, at Berlin, but in 19 of the towns it forms less than 3 per cent, 
of the budget meat consumption. “ Other kinds (including fish) ” are most 
important at Elberfeld, where they constitute no less than 17 per cent, of the 
whole amount ; the next town in order is Königsberg, where they form only 
6 per cent., and in 19 towns they are less than 2 per cent. Under this heading 
many items are included—such as various kinds of smoked or otherwise 
preserved meat, minced meat, game, liver, horseflesh, &c. The fish consists 
very largely of smoked or fresh herrings. 
The consumption of the various kinds of meat in each town is of course 
affected by geographical situation, by local agricultural conditions and by local 
tastes and customs. Reference has already been made to the prejudice which 
appears to exist in some parts of Germany against mutton ; the consumption 
reaches its lowest point in the towns of the South Germany group, where it is 
only 1 per cent, of the total meat consumption shown by the budgets for the 
towns as a whole ; in both the Rhine!and-Westphalia groups it is only about 
2 per cent., and in Silesia 3 per cent. ; its maximum for any “ geographical 
group” is 8 per cent, in Berlin. South Germany again has a remarkably low 
figure for bacon—2i per cent. ; in the other geographical groups the range is 
from 6^ per cent, in Berlin to 17 per cent, in Silesia. On the other hand 
South Germany takes the highest place for beef, with 43 per cent. ; elsewhere 
the range is from 35^ per cent, in the textile towns of Rhineland-Westphalia to 
22^- per cent, in Silesia. The proportion of sausage is abnormally high among 
the geographical groups in Central Germany, where it reaches 37 per cent. ; 
at Berlin it is 29 per cent., and for the other groups the range is a narrow one, 
from 24 to 26^ per cent. South Germany is again highest in regard to veal 
8 per cent. ; and Central Germany lowest, with 4 per cent. Finally, the 
proportion of pork to the total meat consumption is lowest—14 per cent. 
in the Rhineland-Westphalia textile towns (where beef consumption is high), 
and highest in the Baltic Ports and Silesia (25^ and 26^ per cent, respectively), 
where the beef consumption is lower than in any other geographical group 
with the exception of Central Germany. 
In this connexion it is proper to point out that the average consumption of 
meat per head of population, as calculated by the municipal authorities from 
their slaughter-house returns, will be found in many of the town reports to be 
much higher than that shown by the budgets. This discrepancy is mainly due 
first to the conspicuous fact that the consumption of meat amongst the German 
middle classes is very great, and secondly to the fact that the proportion of 
children in the budget families is clearly likely to be very much greater than in 
the population as a whole, since family budgets were sought for.