18 
BERLIN. 
If for present purposes the distinction between “ heatable ” and “ unbeatable" 
rooms be disregarded, the small dwellings of Berlin as enumerated in 1900 
may be more summarily and also more satisfactorily classified in the following 
groups :— 
Dwelling consisting of 
Number. 
Percentage of Whole. 
One room 
Two rooms 
... j 
Three rooms 
Only kitchen ... 
One room without kitchen ... 
One room with kitchen 
Two rooms without kitchen 
Two rooms with kitchen ... 
Three rooms without kitchen 
4,086 ) 
37,556 
33,470 i 
m i i75 > 338 
143 ’^gg j 143,887 
80 
37-2 
306 
It is interesting to compare these percentages with the corresponding 
percentages for London :— 
Tenements of 
London. 
Number. 
Percentage. 
Berlin. 
Number. 
Percentage. 
One room 
Two rooms 
Three rooms 
Four rooms and over 
Total 
149,524 
201,431 
181,542 
487,049 
14-7 
19-8 
17-8 
47-8 
1,019,546 
37,556 
175,338 
143,887 
114,196 
80 
37 2 
30-6 
242 
470,977 
The following table shows the number of occupied tenements of from one 
to four rooms in London and Berlin according to the censuses of 1901 and 1900 
respectively (rented dwellings alone being counted in the case of Berlin), with 
the average number of persons per tenement of each size :— 
Number of Rooms per 
Tenement. 
One room... 
Two rooms 
Three rooms 
Four rooms 
One to four rooms 
Number of such 
Tenements. 
London. 
149,524 
201,431 
181,542 
139,533 
672,030 
Berlin. 
37,369 
175,163 
143,744 
56,197 
412,473 
Number of Persons. 
Total. 
London. Berlin. 
304,874 
701,203 
752,221 
691,491 
2,449,789 
67,645 
629,929 
608,671 
239,171 
1,545,416 
Per Tenement. 
London. Berlin 
204 
3- 48 
4- 14 
4-96 
3 65 
181 
3 60 
423 
4-26 
3 75 
At the census of December, 1900, of the total population of Berlin, 96*7 per 
cent, lived in rented dwellings, and of these 84*6 per cent, lived in dwelling's of 
not more than four rooms, while in London only 54 per cent, of the total 
population lived in tenements of not more than four rooms. In Berlin 3*7 per 
cent, of the population occupying rented dwellings lived in dwellings consisting 
of one room only, 34 5 per cent, in dwellings of two rooms, 33 3 per cent in 
dwellings of three rooms, and 131 per cent, in four room dwellings. The 
corresponding percentages for London (all occupied dwellings—not rented onlvl 
were 6 - 7, 15*5, 16’6 and 15'2 respectively. ^ 
While the large " barrack,” built round a courtyard, is the typical Berlin 
house, several variations of this type are clearly recognisable, and they can be 
placed in a certain chronological sequence, according broadly with the building 
by-laws which have been issued from time to time. Disregarding for the 
moment the fast disappearing relics of old Berlin, buildings anterior to sanitary 
regulations of any kind, and embodying the most primitive principles of 
domestic architecture, the worst houses are those which were built under the 
by-laws ot 1853, when Berlin was a town of some 428,000 inhabitants with an 
industry of growing yet still insignificant proportions.