of those wars is the present distribution of land between
the races, and that this, combined with the legal restric-
tion on land purchase, constitutes a continuous and ever-
increasing compulsion upon Natives to labour for the
benefit of White emplovers.
INDIRECT COMPULSION BY INTERFERENCE
WITH THE NATIVES OWNING OR SELLING
CATTLE.
“ As to cattle-owning,” the Labour Office Report states
“there is a demand for restriction of the numbers held
by individual Natives in South-West Africa, and the
demand is supported by arguments tending to shew that
such restriction would relieve the shortage in the labour
market.”
This suggests that another kind of restriction in the
Union is having a similar effect. Mr. Payn, Member for
Tembuland, speaking in the House of Assembly on the
29th January “said that in the Transkei they had more
than half the cattle of the Cape Province, yet in view of
repressive legislation which had been introduced their
cattle were valueless unless dead, when the hide could
be sold. They had not had a case of East Coast fever
for twelve years, and still they were not permitted to
export. .. . If the Native was called upon to pay a
heavy tax then he should be allowed to dispose of his
products.”
INDIRECT COMPULSION BY TAXATION.
So impartial and influential a body as the Associated
Chambers of Commerce last year passed the following
resolution ““ (a) That the Native is sufficiently taxed
through the Customs tariff ; (b) that the poll tax is out of
proportion to the income tax levied on Europeans ; and
(c) that the collection of the tax is expensive, irksome and
unjust, causing inconvenience and annoyance to the
Native who has paid the tax and to employers generally.”
As Mr. Mowbray of Kimberley remarked in moving
the resolution: ‘There are Natives in some instances
getting as low a wage as £12, £15 or £18 a year, and being