Das Erkenntnisproblem in der Philosophie und Wissenschaft der neueren Zeit

Das Erkenntnisproblem in der Philosophie und Wissenschaft der neueren Zeit (Bd. 1)

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1017727422

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-56103

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Földes, Béla http://d-nb.info/gnd/119338211

Title:: Finanzwissenschaft

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: Verlag von Gustav Fischer

Year of publication:: 1920

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XIV, 686 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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INCREASING INFLUENCE OF CAPITAL 615 production. The opening chapter of the Wealth of Nations AD Ans calls attention to the important improvement which is known ’ as the division of processes. Adam Smith there points out division of that an employer can organise production, and assign each *"*****" man his own particular task in such a way, that there shall be a saving of time and of skill. There will also be other advantages, such as an increase of deftness, from the acquired facility in doing some one operation rapidly and well. The division of processes is sure to arise under any capitalist system of control ; in some districts of the cloth trade, it had been carried out to a very considerable extent for centuries, and it is true to say that increased subdivision has facili- tated the invention of machinery. None the less is it also true that the adoption of mechanical appliances has led to the development of new forms of specialised labour, and has tended to confine men more exclusively to particular departments of work. The invention of machinery, as well as the introduction of and to the v ny shifting of new processes, brought about a considerable shifting of labour. lat The employment of coal for smelting iron tended to the disuse of charcoal burning, and caused an increased demand for hewers in coal-mines; whether there was less employment or more, in connection with the production of a ton of suitable fuel, it was employment of a different kind. The adoption of machinery in the textile trades also caused an extraordinary shifting of labour; for children were quite competent to tend machines which carried on work that had hitherto occupied adults. On the whole, machinery rendered it possible in many departments of industry to substitute unskilled for skilled labour. The tendency, which had been observable during the early as well as . . to the part of the century, for manufactures to migrate to particular migration districts, was enormously accelerated by the introduction of industry machinery. So far as the cloth trade was concerned, the ties where trend appears to have been due to the facilities which water- available. power afforded for fulling-mills; and as one invention after another was introduced, it became not merely advantageous, but necessary for the manufacturer to establish his business at some place where power was available. We have in con- sequence the rapid concentration of industries in the West

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