Die Nationalökonomie in Frankreich

Banking standards under the federal reserve system

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 890892032

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-34137

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Waha, Raymund de http://d-nb.info/gnd/117560855

Title:: Die Nationalökonomie in Frankreich

Place of publication:: Stuttgart

Publisher:: Verlag von Ferdinand Enke

Year of publication:: 1910

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XIX, 540 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Buch II Die katholischen und verwandten Richtungen

Collection:: Economics Books

NET EARNINGS IN DISTRICT I 321 1924 and 1925.!1° In short, the two bodies of data agree in in- dicating that net earnings ratios, different as they are by districts and by banks within a given district, and dependent as they are upon the relations between variable gross earnings and variable total expense ratios, tend to come to an equilibrium through ~hanges following a well-defined pattern. 3. SERIES CORRELATED WITH RATIOS OF NET EARNINGS TO EARNING ASSETS In Chapter XV it was shown, for the member banks in the First district, that if gross earnings ratios are high or low, net earnings ratios tend to be high or low.!? That is, the two series are positively correlated. In Chapter XVI, it was found that if total expense ratios are high or low, net earnings ratios are low or high.!? In this case, the two series are negatively correlated. By considering, as is the case, that the series are causually related in the manner indicated, these facts are to be interpreted as fol- lows: other things being equal, net earnings ratios are high or low when ratios of gross earnings are high or low; and, other things being equal, net earnings ratios are high or low when ratios of total expenses are low or high. But the other things are not equal, for the following reasons: 1. It is generally true that banks having ratios of gross earn- ings larger or smaller than the average have ratios of total expense larger or smaller than the average, and that those having ratios of total expense larger or smaller than the average have ratios of gross earnings larger or smaller than the average. These facts, summarized in Table 159, are graphically illustrated in Chart 49, which shows the distribution of the paired ratios for the 408 member banks in 1924 and for the 410 in 19235, in the Boston district, which had positive net earnings in these years. The area enclosed by the horizontal parallel lines is drawn opposite to the average gross earnings ratio for the two years; that en- closed by the vertical parallel lines is drawn opposite to the average ratio of total expense for the combined years. The area 10 See Tables 187 and 188. 11 See Table 160. 12Gee Tables 182 and 184.

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