LENIN ON ORGANIZATION 
be condemned.” And the Congress by an over- 
whelming majority of votes, condemned them. The 
10th Congress also passed a resolution on Party 
unity,—which Lenin supported,—which resolutely 
condemned factions and groupings. 
The prohibition of factions and groupings does 
not imply, of course, the prohibition of the discus- 
sion of controversial questions and criticism of the 
activity of the leading Party organs. On the con- 
trary, in the nuclei, at general meetings, at Party 
conferences and congresses, every member has a 
right to discuss controversial questions, criticize 
the activity of the leading Party organs, and bring 
forward his own suggestions. But as the resolution 
of the 13th Conference of the R. C. P. says: “Free- 
dom of discussion inside the Party under no circum- 
stances implies the freedom to undermine Party 
discipline. The Central Committee of the Party 
and all local Party centres must immediately take 
the sternest measures to preserve iron, Bolshevik 
discipline everywhere where attempts are being 
made to shake it.” 
Thus, freedom of criticism must not be converted 
into freedom to disturb Party discipline with im- 
Punity. 
At the 10th Congress Lenin said: “We are not a 
debating club. We, of course, can and will publish 
collections of articles, special literature, etc., but 
We have to fight under most difficult conditions and 
therefore we must be combined.” 
The discussion of controversial questions is per- 
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