Peasants, passim, defined, 3
Classification of, British period,

i161
Defaulting, 142-3
Duties of, 3
Position of, under
Akbar, 115
Jahangir, 120ff.
Shahjahan, 131-2
Tipd Sultan, 188-Rights
 of, in
British period, 16:
Hindu period, 4
Moslem period, under Aurangzeb,
 140ff.
Scarcity of, under Aurangzeb,
146-7, 152, and in the
early 19th century, 161-2
Pelsaert, F., 282, quoted, passim
Personal Tax = Jiziya, 14, 231
Peshkash, paid by Chiefs; 267
Plague, 17th century, 145-6
Plough-revenue, Deccan, 185
Poll-tax = Jiziya, 14, 231
Population, growth of, 17th century,
 144
Portuguese, the, in India, Farming
by, 190
Prasad, Mr. Ishwari, quoted, 177.
447., 45
Prices, and Price-control. under
Alauddin, 36
Akbar, 84-5
Lodi dynasty, 68—9
Later rulers in Bengal, 198
Produce (passim), defined, 3, 209
[ndo-Persian terms for, 211
Share of, see Share of Produce
Property, and Chiefs’ Right, dis.
tinction between, 174
Province, defined, 23, 216
Provinces, passim, see also Ceded
and Conquered Provinces
Divisions of, 25
Position of, under Akbar, 82ff.,
96-7, 11711.
13th and 14th Centuries, enumerated,
 23ff., organisation
of, 25-6
Punjab Provinces, 3.

Qabuliyat, explained, 71
Qanungo=Pargana Accountant, 19,
73, 86, 243, 276
Qanungo, Prof., quoted, 76n., 221
Janungo-rates, 73, 82, 83, 86ff..
244
Qasba, defined, 18, 19, 276
Dismat-t ghalla=Sharing, 69n.. 276

INDEX

203

Qutbuddin, King of Delhi, 21
Dutbuddin Khalji, King of Delhi,
reign of, 40, 44

Rai, rank, 8, 18, 58, 276
Ra‘iyat, term explained, 18, 277
Raja, rank, 276
Rajputana, see Ajmer
Rana, rank, 8, 18, 276
Ranthambhor, Assignment attached
to, 96
Rao, Mr. C. H., quoted, 5x.
Rao, rank, 8, 276
Ragami, 276; term discussed, 240-1
Reclamation Rules of Akbar, 113-14,

129
Record of Rights, the first, 158
Recovery (see also Audit and
Recovery), Indo-Persian
terms for, 210-11
Regulation system of Akbar, 110ff.,
118ff., general view of,
115ff.
Rent, Fixed, 183
Representatives (see also Intermediaries)
 Assessment
through, 9
Reservation and Assignment, distinction
 between, 117, 125
Reserved Land==Khalisa, defined.
29
Administration of, under
Akbar, 83ff., 109ff., 240, 246
Aliuddin, 38
Aurangzeb, 132, 133, 148
Bahmani kingdom, 18x
Bengal, 197
jabangir, 128
Lodi Kings, 68
Muhammad Tughlaq, 484.
13th century, 29
17th century, 125
Shihjahan, 126, 147
Revenue Ministry, see Diwan,
Diwani
Rewards (Imam), 93 &n., 98
River Country, the, described, 23
Under Alauddin Kbalji, 34, 37
38
Muhammad Tughlaq, 48-51.
208
Robertson, C., quoted, 182-3
Roe, Sir T., 282; quoted, 128%,
Rohilkhand, 34, 38, 169
Rupee, introduction of, 255
Rvot (see also Peasant), 3n., 18,
277
Ryotwart, 277; term discussed.
ros—6