Foreign Countries and World Markets 301 
Our trade with Germany increased rapidly from the time when she 
began her manufacturing career, a few decades ago, but it has been of the 
kind that benefits that country more than this. We send her raw ma- 
terials or goods like bacon, lard, and sheet copper, that have been only 
a little changed, and upon which we make only a slight profit. She 
sends back dyes, drugs, and chemicals, — highly manufactured goods 
upon which she makes a large profit. 
PROMISING MARKETS FOR THE UNITED STATES 
Although the trade of the United States with Europe is likely 
always to remain our most important commerce, the opportunities for a 
rapid broadening of the market for our manufactured goods are great 
elsewhere. Such opportunities are found in four groups of countries 
where manufacturing is carried on and where we have some advantage 
over Europe : 
(1) Countries in which we have the advantage of nearness. This 
group includes Canada, Mexico, Central America, and the 
Pacific countries of South America. 
Regions in which we have tariff advantages. This group in- 
cludes only our own detached units; namely, the Philippines, 
Porto Rico, Alaska. the Hawaiian Islands. and some smaller 
islands. 
3) 
Countries that require goods made from raw materials which 
we produce in far greater abundance than Europe. This group 
includes certain markets in various countries. For instance, 
we raise so large a part of the world’s cotton crop that we 
ought to furnish cotton goods to such countries as China. We 
mine so much copper that we should supply the market with 
electrical goods in countries like India and Argentina. Such 
a flood of petroleum comes from American wells that we supply 
much of the world’s market with kerosene. 
Regions like South Africa, Australia, and Argentina, that are 
in about the same stage of industrial development as the west- 
ern United States. Hence the agricultural and mining ma- 
chinery that we make in great quantities for our own use is 
just what they require. 
(4) 
CHINA AS A MARKET 
China’s enormous population of about 325,000,000, or nearly a fifth 
of the human race, ought to make it a huge market. But these millions 
are not advanced and prosperous enough to desire what the outside 
world has to offer them or to be willing and able to pay for it. In-