34

ON THE NATURE

without an express or implied reference to some
other commodity. Its value must be value in
something, or in relation to something.
2. This relation between twc objects cannot
alter as to one, without altering as to the other.
If A rises in relation to B, B cannot remain
stationary, but must fall in relation to a.
3. The value of a commodity can be expressed
 only by a quantity of some other commodity.


4. A rise inthe value of a commodity a, means,
that an equal quantity of this commodity exchanges
 for a greater quantity than before of
the commodity B, in relation to which it is said
to rise.

5. A fall in the value of a, means, that an
equal quantity of it exchanges for a smaller
quantity of B.

In the examination of the present subject, as
discussed by those writers on whose doctrines
[ have ventured to animadvert, I have been
forcibly struck with the vagueness, the inconsistencies,
 and the errors, which have arisen