Full text: Das Finanzsystem des deutschen Reiches in politischer und wirtschaftlicher Beziehung

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the scale towards 
106 
CD 
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ber (Ertrage ber gaftrlartenftempel unb ber *!poftüberfcftüffe. Der 
Aentner bagegen, ber otelleidE)! ein ^unggefelle ift, ijt nttf)t ge= 
gwungen, niel gu reifen, niel glorio gu uerftftreiben, niel 35rot gu 
laufen. An iftm nerbient bas SReicft red)t rnenig, es fei benn, baft 
er ftarler Aaucfter unb S^napstrinler märe. 2Bir fragen, tnie ner- 
einigen fid} berartige 23efteuerungsgrunbfäfte mit ben bo<ft fteute 
Allgemeingut geworbenen finangwiffenf(ftaftlid)en Anforberungen 
an ein rationelles Steuerfreiem? 
Der alte berühmte Abam Smitft ft at biefe, wenn aucft nicftt 
guerft, fo bocft in llaffifift geworbener gorm wie folgt fixiert: 
1. Das %Sringtp ber ßeiftungsfäftigleit 
2. „ „ „ SBeftimmtfteit 
3. „ „ „ %eguemli(ftleit 
4. „ „ „ billigen (Erftebungsloften, 
inbem er folgenbe Dftefen bafür aufftellt: 
Adam Smith, Bd. V. ch. 2, part. 2: 
1. The Subjects of every state ought to contribute towards the support 
of the governement as nearly as possible, in proportion of their respective abi 
lities, that is, in proportion to the revenue, which they respectively enjoy under 
the protection of the state. (^Srinjtp ber , ( £eiftungsfäf)iglett“.) 
2. The tax which each individual is bound to pay ought to be certain and 
not arbitrary. The time of payment, the manner of payment, the quantity 
to be paid ought all to be clear and plain to the contributor and to every other 
person. (ißringip ber „Seftimmtljeit".) 
3. Every tax ought to be levied at the time or in the manner, in which 
it is most likely to be convenient for the contributor to pay it. (ißringip ber 
„33equemlict)teit".) 
4. Every tax ought to be contrived as both to take out and to keep out 
of the pockets of the people as little as possible, over and above what it brings 
into, the public treasury of the state. (Ißringip ber billigen „Gr I) ebungs toft en“.) 
Abolpft SBagner ft at biefe (örunbfäfte erweitert unb in ein 
Spftem gebracht: 
I. ginangpolitifdje %Sringipien: 
1. Ausreicftenbfteit ber SBefteuerung 
2. 33emegli<ftteit ber SBefteuerung 
II. Aollswirtfcftaftlicfte <J3ringipien: 
3. ÎBaftl richtiger Steuerquellen 
4. „ „ Steuerarten.
	        
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