Zur Geschichte und Theorie des Bergregals und der Bergbaufreiheit

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 101034126X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-20183

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Arndt, Adolf http://d-nb.info/gnd/117662690

Title:: Zur Geschichte und Theorie des Bergregals und der Bergbaufreiheit

Edition:: Zweite verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage

Place of publication:: Freiburg im Breisgau

Publisher:: J. Bielefelds Verlag

Year of publication:: 1916

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (288 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2018

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Die Urkunden, betreffend das Metallregal bis zum Jahre 1300

Collection:: Economics Books

The value of the land, including farm houses and buildings, on which the agricultural and horticultural industry of England and Wales is carried on was estimated in 1925 at about £815 millions. The working capital employed in production was put at about £365 millions, so that in the aggregate a gross total of no less than £1,180 millions is represented in the capital equipment necessary for production and involved in the cultivation of the soil. The value of the land and improvements with the necessary houses, buildings, etc. (i.e., what is usually called “landlord’s capital 7) is about £31 per acre over the whole area of crops and grass in England and Wales, while the * tenant’s capital » that is the value of the live and dead stock, tenant right valuation and current cash necessary to enable the occupier to pay wages and to carry on his operations, is equal to an average of £14 per acre. The annual gross rental value of agricultural holdings is about £42 millions, and the average rent per acre paid in respect of the area under crops and permanent grass is 32s. No com- parable figures are available for earlier years so that the appreciation in value since 1908 cannot be stated. The area of land in England and Wales used for agricultural or horticultural purposes was in 1925 approximately 31 million acres, of which’ 25,750,000 acres were returned as arable and permanent grass, and 5 million acres as mountain, heath, moor, down and other rough land used for grazing. Of this total, 10,682,000 acres were returned as arable land. Thus approximately two-thirds of the agricultural area of England and Wales is under permanent grass or rough grazings, while one-third is ploughed either annually or from time to time. The arable area, however, includes 2} million acres of clover and rotation grasses, so that the area which was devoted to crops other than grass in 1925 was only 8,100,000 acres, while the area under grass, whether clover and rotation grasses, per- manent pasture or rough grazings, was 22,670,000 acres or nearly 74 per cent. of the total agricultural area of England and Wales. In the course of the discussions in regard to the proposal for a survey of agricultural conditions, a desire was expressed for information as to the utilisation of the land with a view to ascertaining whether there was any material area not used for agriculture. This question is discussed in Chapter II. The total land area of the country is somewhat over 37 million acres, and of this approximately 31 million acres can be accounted for in the Agricultural Statistics, while nearly 2 million acres are in forests and woodland, leaving only a balance of about 4 million acres. Account has to be taken of the land needed for the buildings, houses and gardens of our cities, towns and villages, for roads and railways and for the many other purposes to which land is put in an industrial country such as England and Wales, and, after allowance has been made for these needs, it seems that the area remaining unaccounted for must be relatively small. The enquiry which has been made shows that this is the case. for

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