Die Kommunalbesteuerung in Italien

An Introduction to the theory of statistics

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1010948261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-20477

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Hoffmann, Alexander http://d-nb.info/gnd/119001837

Title:: Die Kommunalbesteuerung in Italien

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: Verlag von Gustav Fischer

Year of publication:: 1915

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (VII, 207 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2018

Collection:: Economics Books

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CHAPTER IL CONSISTENCE. 1-3. The field of observation or universe and its specification by symbols— 4. Derivation of complex from simple relations by specifying the universe—>5-6. Consistence—7-10. Conditions of consistence for one and for two attributes—11-14. Conditions of consistence for three attributes. I. Any statistical inquiry is necessarily confined to a certain time, space, or material. An investigation on the prevalence of insanity, for instance, may be limited to England, to England in 1901, to English males in 1901, or even to English males over 60 years of age in 1901, and so on. For actual work on any given subject, no term is required to denote the material to which the work is so confined: the limits are specified, and that is sufficient. But for theoretical purposes some term is almost essential to avoid circumlocution. The ex- pression the universe of discourse, or simply the universe, used in this sense by writers on logic, may be adopted as familiar and convenient. 2. The universe, like any class, may be considered as specified by an enumeration of the attributes common to all its members, e.g. to take the illustration of § 1, those implied by the predicates English, male, over 60 years of age, living tn 1901. It is not, in general, necessary to introduce a special letter into the class- symbols to denote the attributes common to all members of the universe. We know that such attributes must exist, and the common symbol can be understood. In strictness, however, the symbol ought to be written : if, say, U denote the combination of attributes, English—male—over 60 —Iliving in 1901, 4 insanity, B blindness, we should strictly use the symbols— (U) =Number of English males over 60 living in 1901, (U4) = 23 insane English males over 60 living in 1901, (UB) = PP) blind ” » » (U4B)= 5 blind and insane English males over 60 living in 1901, 2 17

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