Banking standards under the federal reserve system

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 101266578X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-24415

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Pohle, Ludwig http://d-nb.info/gnd/116260793

Title:: Kapitalismus und Sozialismus

Edition:: Zweite Auflage

Place of publication:: Leipzig ; Berlin

Publisher:: B. G. Teubner

Year of publication:: 1920

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (IV, 175 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2018

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: I. Die Grundlagen der gegenwärtigen Wirtschaftsverfassung und der Sozialismus

Collection:: Economics Books

)0 BANKING STANDARDS 2. Ratios of total expense to earning assets and to gross earn- ings which are high or low in a given year, relative to the seven- year level of the district to which they belong, tend generally to decrease or to increase, respectively, in the following year, the net percentage amounts of decrease or of increase varying directly with the percentage amounts of dispersion from these levels. That is, according to both measures, operating expenses regress to type —the type being the seven-year district averages. Such, in brief, are the more common norms and trends which characterize these ratios. Total expense data for individual member banks are not avail- able in the publications of the Federal Reserve Board, although those relating to national banks, and to state bank and trust company members as groups are given. The ratios which have been used up to this point in the discussion are broad averages— averages for all of the member banks in a given district for a given year, for the membership in all districts for a given year, for single districts for the period 1919 to 1925, and for all districts for this stretch of years. Such averages cover up a multitude of differences attributable to types of banks, their location, sizes, and so on. In order to be clear about this matter, care has been used to indicate that the ratios are averages, to use the types of analysis which would bring out significant differences, and to gen- eralize in terms suitable to the data themselves. While the foregoing norms and trends relating to total expense may characterize the entire bank membership in the System, they may or may not be typical of any one part of the total. Accord- ingly, it is of interest to determine the similarities and differences which characterize ratios of total expense to gross earnings (1) for national banks, and (2) for state bank and trust company members, and to observe wherein the norms and trends discov- ered for the entire membership hold for the two groups. This is done immediately below. B. National Banks, and State Bank and Trust Company Members Out of each $100 of gross earnings received by all national banks in the Federal Reserve system during the years'® 1919 to 0 Ending June 30.

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