Kommentar zum Gesetz über eine Kriegsabgabe von Vermögenszuwachs und zum Gesetz über eine außerordentliche Kriegsabgabe für das Rechnungsjahr 1919 vom 10. September 1919

Abriss einer Geschichte der Theorie von den Produktionsfaktoren

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1016238525

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-55274

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Kommentar zum Gesetz über eine Kriegsabgabe von Vermögenszuwachs und zum Gesetz über eine außerordentliche Kriegsabgabe für das Rechnungsjahr 1919 vom 10. September 1919

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: Verlag von Otto Liebmann

Year of publication:: 1920

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XXIII, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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THE 13tH AND l4tH CENTURIES 65 weather, and a reasonable administration, a village would continue to function; failure of crops, or oppressive ad- ministration, might send the inhabitants elsewhere; later on, the village might be repopulated, either by its former inhabitants, or by new settlers, as the case might be; and another cycle in its history would then begin. The view that productive land was waiting for men with adequate resources is fully established by the agricultural policy of those sovereigns whose pronouncements are on record; their primary object was extension of cultivation, with an immediate increment of revenue accruing from each field brought under the plough. Two methods of securing this object are indicated in addition to administrative pressure. One of these was the provision of State irrigation works, so that, in the picturesque terms borrowed from Islamic law, the “dead lands” might be brought to life; this expedient was, so far as the chronicles show, practised only by Firtiz, and it does not again become prominent until the reign of Shahjahan. The other expedient was the grant of advances, which are mentioned particularly as the foun- dation of Muhammad Tughlaq’s attempts to restore the River Country, but in terms which imply that the practice was already familiar. It is safe to infer that capital was the principal requirement for the accepted policy of de- velopment; but the records show that, in this period, as in later times, State advances were apt to be embezzled by the officials employed in their distribution, and consequently the value of the expedient was in practice limited. For the second line of development, improvement in cropping, no practical measures are indicated in the chronicles; possibly some effect was produced by a combination of advances and administrative pressure, but we are not told of any actual progress in this direction. We have merely the praiseworthy aspirations of Kings or officials; the result 1s matter for conjecture.

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