The Industrial Revolution

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1027928145

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-159926

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Cunningham, William http://d-nb.info/gnd/128907487

Title:: The Industrial Revolution

Place of publication:: Cambridge

Publisher:: The University Press

Year of publication:: 1922

Scope:: xxii S., S. 404-886

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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832 LAISSEZ FAIRE monopoly of the colonial trade to charge excessive freights’, The Irish famine had led to a temporary suspension of the Acts, so far as the importation of cereals was concerned; as Canada had been, for a time, on the same level with the States in regard to shipping facilities, the prospective reimposing of the restrictions brought the agitation to a head?, Instead of endeavouring to modify the conditions so The spite? as to meet these special circumstances, Labouchére moved for Enis the entire abandonment of the principle of granting any shippers preference to British shipping in ocean trade, and, in spite away in of effective protests?, the Navigation Acts were repealed®, England's maritime power had grown up under the pro- tecting influence of the Navigation Acts. Long custom appears to have set at rest the doubts which were expressed in the seventeenth century as to the effects of the Acts; and there was grave anxiety as to the maintenance of our naval supremacy under a system of competition. It would appear that when protection was withdrawn the shipowners were somewhat aggrieved’, but that a new spirit of enterprise was developed in the trade. Had the old methods of ship- building been retained, however, it would hardly have been possible for England to reassert her supremacy in ocean butowingto trading. The advantage which America possessed, in timber the tntro- . . duction of and naval stores, would almost certainly have told in her op * favour; but the aspect of affairs was entirely changed by a new application of engineering industry, and the introduction of iron ship-building. Preliminary experiments had been so far successful, that Messrs Laird of Birkenhead began the A.D. 1776 — 1850. 1 The United States had rapidly recovered from the destruction of their marine, which had taken place during the war of 1812, and were engaged in an eager contest with Great Britain for the command of the carrying trade on the Atlantic (Lindsay, Merchant Shipping, 1v. 165). The Canadians complained bitterly that the better facilities for shipping, which the States enjoyed, placed the British colonists at a disadvantage in supplying the English market; and the West Indian planters also insisted that the freights charged were higher than would be the case, if competition were allowed between English and foreign shipowners (3 Hansard, xcviu. 1002). 3 Reports, etc. 1849, LI. 149. 8 Cunningham, Rise and Decline of Free Trade, v. 69. t 12 and 13 Viet. ¢. 29. 5 Compare Disraeli’s speech (Dec. 3, 1852) in introducing his unsuccessfal attempt to bring the financial and commercial systems of the country into line 8 Hansard. cxxix. 839.

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