Employment psychology

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1028407564

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-47263

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Link, Henry Charles; Thorndike, Edward L. http://d-nb.info/gnd/118802127

Title:: Employment psychology

Place of publication:: New York

Publisher:: MacMillan

Year of publication:: 1924

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (XII, 440 Seiten)

Digitisation:: 2018

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Part IV. Conclusion

Collection:: Economics Books

243 APPENDIX A. ET ——f———— with the standard is however of some significance. It appears to indicate that in the earlier years of the period covered by the statement some cause was operating to produce an abnormally low volume of claims for disablement: benefit and that the trend throughout the period has been towards the development of what may be regarded as normal conditions. We are inclined to think that this is the case. It appears to us that the very low disablement claims of the year 1919 were intimately connected with the low sickness rates of the later years of the war period, and were attributable to the same economic and other conditions which produced those low rates. If this be so, the steady growth of disablement claims for about a decade from the year 1914 (when this benefit first began to he paid) which those concerned were dctuarially advised to expect, was sharply interrupted by forces set up by the war, and has gradually reasserted itself as those forces have abated. In the most recent years of the period covered by the statement the growth of disablement claims may, indeed, have been accelerated by economic forces of a directly opposite kind. Widespread unemployment, so far as it influences the sickness experience of Approved Societies, would be expected to have its most pronounced effects on the weakly and debilitated class who supply presumably the major part of the claims for disablement benefit. We are however compelled to say that the recent growth in the cost of disablement benefit has confronted us with serious difficulty in settling the provision to be made for the future. We have suggested a theory to explain it, but this is no more than a theory, and it affords no great assistance in determining the probable weight of the charge when permanent conditions have been reached. 16. Turning now to the Selected Societies Experience, the rates of sick- ness and disablement obtained will be found respectively in Table A (M.) and Table B (M.) appended to this Report. In these tables are shown for each quinary group of ages, the basic rate of sickness (in weeks of claim per annum) at the central age of the group, the years of life “ exposed to risk *’ in the group in each of the years 1921, 1922 and 1923, the corresponding ‘¢ expected weeks of claim, the related actual weeks of claim, and the proportion (per cent.) which the actual weeks hear to those expected. The average proportion for the whole body of persons imsured in these Societies is shown opposite the totals for each year. It will be seen that so far as sickness benefit is concerned, there is a tendency for the claims to be above the general average at the younger ages and to be below it at the middle ages. This feature is not, however, of much importance financially and the average percentages for all ages in each of the three calendar years may be taken as representative. These percentages, viz., 66 in 1921, 77 in 1922, and 71 in 1923, are not greatly different from those shown above as representing the experience of the whole of the insured male population. Such differences as exist may be partly due to differences in the distribution of the respective populations with reference to age, and partly to the fact that the statistical treatment of the Selected Societies Experience is practically exact, while that of the whole population is approximate, as explained in para. 13. 17. In regard to disablement benefit the Selected Societies Kxperience while exhibiting, in the aggregate, the same close relation to the experience of the whole insured male population as exists in the case of sickness benefit, presents quite different features when the experience is examined at the individual age-groups. The claims at the younger ages far exceed the ¢ expectation,” but the ratio of actual to expected diminishes steadily until an approximately constant minimum is reached at 50 and all higher ages. Taking the year 1922, for example, the claims for disable- ment benefit at ages under 30 were about 150 per cent. of the expecta- tion; the proportion steadily diminished, falling to 104 per cent. at ages 35 to 40, and to 77 per cent. in the next age-group; it continued to fall, and was no more than 50 per cent. at ages 50 to 55; thereafter it averaged about 54 per cent. This feature is not easily explained. We

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