Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1689851430

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-101704

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Fonck, Leopold http://d-nb.info/gnd/116647019

Title:: Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten

Edition:: 3. Aufl., Neudruck d. 2. Aufl., 7.-8. Tsd

Place of publication:: Innsbruck

Publisher:: Rauch

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: XII, 396 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Erster Teil. Die Schule des wissenschaftlichen Arbeitens

Collection:: Economics Books

B2 IMPORTATION OF CAPITAL INTO ment was not proceeding on sound lines, either from the point of view of the capital investor or from that of the people sharing the interest burden. If we except the years of the gold- rush, immigration reached its highest peak in 1883 when the capital imports were just beginning; and the lowest record is shown for 1888—the annus mirabilis in Victoria—when less than 18,000 immigrants came to Australia. Again, unemployment was lightest during the very years that immigration was heaviest, and vice versa. When it is realized that the population increased by only half a million during a period when indebtedness rose by morethan £100 millions, we have to seek very littlefurther for the >xplanation of the essential unsoundness of the whole position. But even growth of population, whether by immigration or by natural increase, must be deemed less adequate as a measure for borrowing capacity than is productiveness. The expansion of all the industries of the continent was the one condition at that time which could justify the absorption of capital; and svery analysis of the situation, from distribution of the people as between town and country to progress of primary industry, tails to indicate a satisfactory advance. In the first place, that concentration of population in the cities which has since become so marked was beginning to appear. The figures given below will afford an idea of the progress of this movement; and, ignoring the social implications, it can scarcely be deemed ‘ndicative of rural expansion.? Whilst, in view of the fact that most of the economic land of the continent had been occupied by 1880, it would be manifestly anfair to expect the maintenance of the rate of settlement or of production set in the period following 1850, the diminished rate of expansion has to be seen in the light of the increasing burden 5f debt. The progress in rural industry is indicated by a review U Tn 1888, when the net increase for all Australia was only 15,000, Victoria showed an increase of 25,760 due to the influx of iramigrants from the other states attracted by the continuance of boom conditions after depression had set in elsewhere. Victoria obtained 10,550 people from New Zealand, 8,480 from South Australia, 1,050 from Western Australia, and 390 from Tasmania in that year. 3 See The Peopling of Australia, chapter by E. T. McPhee on Australian urbaniza- tion. URBANIZATION IN AUSTRALIA 1871. 1881. 1891. . 28 32 42 . 26 29 33 12 14 25 Victoria, per cent. in Melbourne . N.S.W., per cent. in Sydney . . Queensland, per cent. in Brisbane ,

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