Die Werttheorie und das Problem des "Konstanten" (Technischen) Kapitals

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1727871073

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-105553

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Bucharin, Nikolaj Ivanovič http://d-nb.info/gnd/118516574

Title:: Die politische Ökonomie des Rentners

Place of publication:: Wien

Publisher:: Verl. für Literatur und Politik

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: [2] Bl., 194 S.

Digitisation:: 2020

Collection:: Economics Books

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44 INTERNATIONAL TRADE $1.00, wheat would sell for $1.00 and linen for $0.665. In other words, wages were assumed to be not, indeed, on the same level in the two countries, but at one and the same level in all industries thruout the United States and at one and the same level in all industries thruout Germany. The familiar fact, however, is that there is no uniformity of wages within any country. There are differences within each country as well as differences between countries. The workmen who produce wheat in Germany may receive lower wages than those producing linen in Germany; and the wheat laborers in the United States may be in a position of similar disadvantage. Ob- viously such differences could not persist if there were perfect freedom of movement from occupation to occupation within each country; just as the differences of commodity income and of sub- stantial prosperity between countries could not persist if there were perfect international freedom of movement. To designate the actual situation within countries it will be convenient to use Cairnes’s phrase ‘non-competing groups.” The workers in the several occupations (or groups of occupations) may be said to be in groups which do not completely compete one with another. There are persistent obstacles to transfer from one group to another, and therefore persistent differences of wages, not smoothed out by the movement of men from the lower-paid groups to the higher. Given this sort of situation, it follows that the prices of goods are not in accord with the quantities of labor devoted to producing them. Even tho wheat and linen be produced in the United States with the same amount of labor, the two articles will not sell for the same price if the wheat producers get lower wages. On the other hand, two articles may sell for the same price even tho produced with different amounts of labor. Wheat and linen may be produced by different amounts of labor in Germany ; yet, if the rates of wages are inverse to the labor amounts — higher where the days of labor are few, lower where they are many— wheat and linen will sell for the same price. International trade, how- ever. like domestic trade, is proximately a matter of money sale

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