Kritische Studien zum wirtschaftlichen Problem des Zwei- und Dreischichtensystems in Hochofenbetrieben

The agricultural output of England and Wales 1925

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1750799545

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-125444

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Schönfeld, Hans http://d-nb.info/gnd/129442534

Title:: Kritische Studien zum wirtschaftlichen Problem des Zwei- und Dreischichtensystems in Hochofenbetrieben

Place of publication:: Jena

Publisher:: Fischer

Year of publication:: 1926

Scope:: IV, 86 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Ly pd] there is the factor of the subdivision of holdings, naturally most pronounced in the neighbourhood of towns, where urban encroach- ment had swallowed up many of the small holdings previously existing. This factor has been particularly operative in the years since the war, when the changes in the ownership and dis- tribution of land have been abnormally great. Intermingled with these conflicting forces has been the difficulty of securing unifor- mity of returns from farmers occupying two or more holdings. Such farmers were asked to make separate returns for each holding, but as the chief object of the annual inquiry was to obtain accurate returns of acreage and live stock, when composite returns were made they were usually accepted, and in recent years farms in one and the same occupation, when farmed together, have definitely been treated as one. There are, of course, cases of large agricultural businesses where a number of scattered farms are under one management, but these farms would normally be returned separately. The changes which have taken place at different times in the numbers of holdings in the various size groups are indicated in Tables 22 and 23 in the Appendix. These tables divide the period over which returns have been collected into two parts, the first up to 1895, during which the figures included holdings of one acre and less, and the second from 1895 to the present day, during which only holdings of over one acre have been included, and during which also the returns are more uniform in character. The figures given in Table 22 relating to the years 1870-1889 are thus not altogether comparable with those of later years, and as they have only an historical interest, it is not necessary to comment on them in detail Turning, then, to Table 23, which shows the figures from 1895, it will be seen that the main changes have been in holdings under 20 acres. In the group from 1-5 acres, the reduction is from 97,800 in 1895 to 91,600 in 1914. Very great changes in the occupation of land took place in the war period, and by 1920 the number was reduced to 80,700, and by 1924 to 76,900. Holdings from 5 to 20 acres also showed a decline, but not to the same extent. This reduction may not be really representative of actual facts. As is well known, transfers of land and the sale of estates were taking place on an entirely unusual scale during these years and some Proportion of these changes has no doubt failed to be recorded. On the other hand, there has been in many districts an absorption of small holdings or parcels of land owing to the extension of towns or the increased building of residential properties in rural or semi-rural districts. Looking at the changes over g number of years, it will be seen that any decline which may have occurred in small holdings was confined to those under 2¢ acres, those of 20 to 50 acres

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