Die obligatorische Krankenversicherung

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 176840707X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-149526

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Die obligatorische Krankenversicherung

Place of publication:: Genf

Publisher:: Internationales Arbeitsamt

Year of publication:: 1927

Scope:: 892 Seiten

Digitisation:: 2021

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Dritter Teil. Einnahmequellen und Finanzgebaren

Collection:: Economics Books

320 LAISSEZ FAIRE £3, and of the central Chinese Government, had harmonised in "regard to the smuggling of opium. The East India Company were anxious to maintain their monopoly in the growth? of [ndian opium, while the Chinese desired to, limit and control the consumption of the drug. Opium had been regularly imported under a duty till 1796, when the importation was prohibited; and systematic smuggling was subsequently Jeveloped on a large scale in fanaur Dire confusion in regard to this and all other branches sempe- of commerce followed from the sudden suppression of the tie mad exclusive powers of the Company. The attempt to estab- esults. ligh political, as distinguished from commercial relations, was a failure, for when Lord Napier arrived in Canton, in 1834, as the direct representative of the British Crown, the Chinese Government treated him with contempt. The new commercial methods did not commend themselves to the Chinese; the Hongists were dissatisfied with the change, and demanded that the English should elect a com- mercial chief to control their shipping? The English merchants too, as isolated individuals, had greater difficulties about recovering debts than in former days. All regu- lation was at an end; the illicit trade in opium, against which the Chinese had protested, was now carried on with- out disguise at Canton; and the enforced surrender by British merchants of a large quantity of the drug led to the necessity of armed intervention. The so-called Opium War ! The East India Company had endeavoured to put down the growth of the poppy in Rajputana; though the treaties by which the suppression of the culti- vation was secured could not be strictly enforced, they did succeed in greatly limiting the trade. Mill, op. cit. 1x. 174. 2 The opium which was thus smuggled was mostly grown in Mahoor and other Rajputana States, whence it was conveyed to Karachi to be shipped. Much of his contraband business was chiefly carried on by the Portuguese at Macao, and by other traders, most if not all of them British, at Lintin, a small island at the mouth of the Canton river. Davis, op. cit. p. 49. 8 This was much needed, as some of the British traders were mere buccaneers, who were prepared to indemnify themselves by acts of reprisal on their own account (Davis, 57). The Chinese were quite incapable of controlling their own subjects. About 1810 the seas were completely infested by a body of pirates, mown as Ladrones, who were latterly commanded by a woman (Ib. 34). We can perhaps find a parallel in Europe in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. with the Rovers of the Sea (Vol. 1. p. 366). or Victual Brothers. \ Davis. on. cit. 59.

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