Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

Usage license:: Get license information via the feedback formular.

Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter IX. Relief of refugees

Collection:: Economics Books

REFUGEES 17] Settlement of Refugees. We must now inquire how the organs of the Government and the two unions succeeded in discharging the extremely difficult task of settling the refugees in new homes. In certain localities (Tambov, Ufa, Saratov, and Ekaterinoslav) the provincial governors displayed some initiative in the work of re- lief. But in the overwhelming majority of provinces the initiative was taken by the provincial zemstvo boards or the local committees of the Zemstvo Union. At first, there seemed to be no competition or rivalry among different authorities in the presence of this terrible national calamity. Here and there local organs of the Committee of the Grand Duchess Tatiana were already at work. These committees had an official character and were usually presided over by the pro- vincial governors. How remote the very idea of competition was at this period from the minds of the authorities may be seen from the very first steps that were taken by the governor of Saratov. On July 81, 1915, he requested all district zemstvo boards to organize branches of the Tatiana Committee and to invite representatives of the zemstvos and municipalities and other persons, at their discre- tion, to take part in the work of these branches. The result was that Tatiana committees were opened up in some districts and zemstvo committees in others. Wherever the zemstvos took the initiative they became the rallying centers of the work. They urged the local or- gans of the Tatiana Committee and of the organizations of the various nationalities (Polish, Lithuanian, Lettish, and Jewish) to unite with them, as well as the cooperative societies. Everywhere the need was felt to expand the already existing organization, ta infuse new life in it. At first there were two fundamental difficulties in the way. In the first place, there were no funds available, and then reliable informa- tion was lacking as to the number of refugees on the way to each given province. No information was forthcoming from Petrograd or from the front to guide local authorities. Everyone was looking toward the Unions of the Zemstvos and of Towns in the hope that the headquarters at Moscow would send money and instructions. As we have already seen, in the early days not only the zemstvos and the organs of the Union of Zemstvos, but even the government offi- cials, provincial governors included, were in the habit of applying to

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