Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter XII. The Central Committee of the union of Zemstvos in the third year of the war

Collection:: Economics Books

THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE 255 able. During the second half of the War, when university students and pupils of the higher technical schools were mobilized for service in the army, it was found necessary to enlarge the class from which chauffeurs might be recruited. About the middle of July, 1916, women and girls were included among those authorized to receive training at these schools. They were warned by the Union of the dangers and difficulties that they were likely to experience in this work; nevertheless 430 women and girls applied for instruction. Many of these, however, had to be rejected, either because they were too young or physically unfit or because their educational qualifica- tions were judged inadequate. During that year, fifty-eight women and twenty-eight men were admitted, and the examinations that were held two months later fully justified the experiment, since all the women students passed successfully and were found, upon the whole, to be even superior to the men in the theoretical understand- ing of their subject though slightly inferior in practical work. Where women students were deficient in educational preparation, they more than compensated this deficiency by zeal and diligence. On March 1, 1916, the Zemstvo Union had at its disposal 754 machines and in September of the same year this number had risen to 1,410. Approximately 62 per cent consisted of light cars, 23 per cent of light lorries with ambulance equipment, and 14 per cent of heavy lorries. Most of the lighter cars were Fords and Studebakers, whilst most of the lorries were of the Selden and Harford type. The average cost of a machine was 5,500 rubles, which gives an idea of the large amounts invested in automobiles alone. Additions were con- tinually being made to the stock. In March, 1916, 86,000 rubles were spent on the purchases of automobiles and accessories; in Au- gust the figure had increased to 3,877,800, and in September to 6,665,900 rubles. Toward the close of 1916 the maintenance of the automobile department alone had cost about 1,000,000 rubles, ex- cluding the new purchases mentioned above.® Relief of Prisoners of War. The participation of the Zemstvo Union in the relief of prisoners of war was only indirect. Down to the end of 1915 this work was * Izvestia (Bulletin), No. 20, pp. 41-44; No. 29, pp. 61-68; Nos. 45-46, pp. 46-47; No. 48, pp. 84-836; No. 50, pp. 15-19; Nos. 52-53, pp. 186-192; Nos. 64-66, pp. 28-39.

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