Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1794855874

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-179223

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Polner, Tichon I. http://d-nb.info/gnd/172311195

Title:: Russian local government during the war and the Union of Zemstvos

Place of publication:: New Haven

Publisher:: Yale Univ. Press

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XXV, 317 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter IV. General outline of the work of the Union of Zemstvos

Collection:: Economics Books

52 THE ZEMSTVOS DURING THE WAR pay enormous sums in excess of actual values. The Zemstvo Union therefore decided to establish its own workshops for designing and cutting up the materials, and to give out the actual sewing work to be done in the homes of seamstresses. The linen was received and paid for through the medium of codperative and other organiza- tions enlisted in this work. Later on the Union itself opened a num- ber of distributing offices to give out such work, employing directly scores of thousands of needy women, mainly soldiers’ wives. The peak of the work of the depots came in September and the beginning of October, 1914. By the middle of October most of the beds of the Zemstvo Union were fully equipped and the need for linen considerably reduced. At the end of September, however, the Army Supply Department urgently applied to the Union for 7,500,000 suits of underwear. This order was accepted and exe- cuted promptly. This was only the beginning of a long series of orders from the same source to be executed by the Union in the course of the War. After this first order there came one for 240,000 army tents. Later, in November, 1914, there was a request for the immediate delivery of fur clothing for 215,000 soldiers of the Serbian army. Lastly, in January, 1916, the Union was forced to andertake the entire business of supplying the army with warm clothing, amounting to something like 24,000,000 articles. By this time, the Union had already delivered to the Army Supply Depart- ment 35,714,099 pieces of clothing prepared to its order. Parallel with this work, rigorous and urgent efforts had to be made to fur- nish the army with boots. This task was taken in hand by many of the local committees of the Union. Russia itself, however, proved unable to supply all the footwear required, and the Union sent a special commission to the United States, where it succeeded in buy- ing up 3,000,000 pair of riding boots and 1,700,000 pair of army boots before January 1, 1916. Gradually it became necessary to readjust both the central and local organizations so as to enable them to conduct the necessary purchasing operations and at the same time supply the needs of the Union itself, as well as the needs of the Army Supply Department, which were practically unlimited. The average number of articles of one kind or another required during 1917 for these various needs may be estimated at 5,000,000 a month. This included chiefly underwear, winter and summer clothing, peltry, tents, and sand-

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