The agrarian system of Moslem India

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter III. The Sayyid and Afghan dynasties

Collection:: Economics Books

THE REIGN OF AKBAR (1556-1605) 89 minimum charge made in each province, and can say nothing more than that the average lies somewhere within these limits: where, for instance, wheat was charged from 40 to 75 dams, it is not permissible to take 573 dams as the average rate, because the extremes may, for all we know, refer only to a few small parganas, and the charge on the bulk of the province may have lain close to either of them. Without the aid of averages, exact comparison between the two sets of rates is impossible; taking probable figures deter- mined by inspection, the general result is that, while the ten-year rates show no such extreme figures as those of some earlier seasons, extremes being naturally eliminated in the process of averaging, their range is, on the whole, some- where between 10 and 20 per cent. higher. We must remember that Akbar’s bigha was not introduced until the 31st regnal year, and that it was about 20 per cent. greater than the unit previously employed?; it is to my mind highly improbable that the voluminous tables of the ““19- year” rates, which were certainly struck in terms of the earlier unit, were ever re-calculated in terms of a unit which was adopted after they had become obsolete; and, if the ten-year rates were in fact averages of the charges for 10 years, but necessarily adjusted later on to the enlarged bigha, they would in fact show some such increase as is disclosed by inspection. Too much weight must not be attached to this argument, because the process of inspection is very far from being infallible; my point is merely that the ten-year rates, as we have them, stand somewhere about the level which would be reached by an average of ten years’ actual charges adjusted for the increase in the size of the bigha. No later changes in the methods of assessment are re- corded during Akbar’s reign. It is open to us to conjecture that the rates, as given in the Ain, may have been modified in detail between the 24th year, when they came into force, and the 4oth year. when that record was completed; but the general system was clearly maintained. - The operation of Akbar’s invention was two-fold. Administratively, it t Ain, 1. 204, 390.

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