The agrarian system of Moslem India

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1804119261

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-188010

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Moreland, William Harrison http://d-nb.info/gnd/172263670

Title:: The agrarian system of Moslem India

Edition:: 2. ed. Reissue (d. Ausg. Cambridge) 1929; [Reprint]

Place of publication:: Delhi

Publisher:: Oriental Books, Munshiram Manoharlal

Year of publication:: 1968

Scope:: XVII, 296 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapter II. The 13th and 14th centuries

Collection:: Economics Books

THE 13tH AND 141tH CENTURIES 23 “Province” I mean a primary division of the kingdom, and by “Governor” an officer who received orders directly from the King or the Ministers at Court. These provinces varied in number with the size of the kingdom, and possibly also with its development; but most of them appear in the chronicles with sufficient regularity to be regarded as per- manent, though two or more might on occasion be held by a single Governor. Apart from the ordinary provinces, two particular regions require separate notice. 1. The Delhi Country! (havali-i Dehli). This region was bounded on the East by the Jumna, and on the North by the Siwaliks, or rather by the line of forest at their foot. On the South it marched with Mewat, a fluctuating boun- dary, because at times the turbulent Mewatis threatened Delhi itself, and at others they were penned up in the Rajputana hills, but they were never really subdued. On the West, it was bounded by the provinces of Sirhind, Samana, and Hansi (known later as Hissar). Its adminis- trative position was exceptional in that it had no Governor, but was directly under the Revenue Ministry. 2. The River Country. This region is described in the chronicles as “between the two rivers,” and translators have usually written of it as ‘the Doab.” That rendering is, however, misleading, because in modern usage the Doab extends to Allahabad, while the region referred to by the chroniclers was much smaller; it lay between the Ganges and the Jumna, and on the North it extended to the sub- montane forest, but on the South it did not reach much further than Aligarh. During the thirteenth century, this region was divided into three provinces, Meerut, Baran (now Bulandshahr), and Kol (now Aligarh); but Alauddin brought it directly under the Revenue Ministry on the same footing as the Delhi country. In a later section we shall see how it was desolated under Muhammad Tughlaq. These two regions formed the heart of the kingdom. The provinces which can be identified outside their limits are \ The word havali occurs occasionally in the general sense of ‘neigh pourhood,” but in many passages it denotes what was obviously a specific administrative area. It should not be identified with the subdivision known 1n the Mogul period as Haveli-i Dehli. which was much less swtangive

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