Study week on the econometric approach to development planning

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 1824422792

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-217476

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Study week on the econometric approach to development planning

Place of publication:: Amsterdam [u.a.]

Publisher:: North-Holland Publ. Co. [u.a.]

Year of publication:: 1965

Scope:: XLVII, 1259 S.; graph. Darst.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Econometric analysis and agricultural and development plans / D. Gale Johnson, University of Chicago - Chicago - U.S.A.

Collection:: Economics Books

SEMAINE D'ÉTUDE SUR LE ROLE DE L ANALYSE ECONOMETRIQUE ETC. 115] tural population in a low income or underdeveloped economy will have to occur at approximately the same rate as the growth of total population unless per capita food consumption is to decline. Labor cannot be released to other sectors of the eco- nomy for their development and real factor costs of food would not decrease. In fact, unless additional land can be brought ander cultivation or land developed through irrigation or recla- mation at the same rate as the population grows, average output per worker in agriculture may decline and real factor costs of food may increase. There are circumstances in which an unchanged production function is consistent with increased output and lower marginal costs of production. If the marginal product of labor is sub- stantially higher in certain nonfarm pursuits than on the farm, the availability of certain manufactured inputs that may be ased in agriculture may permit an increase in output per unit of farm labor and a transfer of labor from agriculture to the nonagricultural sector. This is a possible explanation of the impact of a new and cheaper source of fertilizer (the partial replacement of manure, fish, fish meal, and cottonseed meal by chemical fertilizers in Japan), the replacement of feed by petroleum products to produce power, or the transfer of certain functions performed on farms to firms that can specialize to a greater extent (churning butter, tanning hides. retting flax, or butchering livestock). There is evidence that for the half century from 1880 to [930 in the United States the ratio of total output to input did not change significantly, while there was an increase in the output per unit of labor and per unit of land (real estate) ng: Farm employment increased from 2.2 to 6.6 million; farm employment 1s a percentage of total population changed only from 21.5 to 19.79. Estimated gross output per farm worker increased by only 11% in the to-year period. There are some indications, admittedly crude, that national der capita income increased onlv moderately during the four decades >| Johnson - pag. I)

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