Naturalwirtschaft und Geldwirtschaft in der Weltgeschichte

Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 1824546017

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-214923

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Dopsch, Alfons http://d-nb.info/gnd/118680390

Title:: Naturalwirtschaft und Geldwirtschaft in der Weltgeschichte

Place of publication:: Wien

Publisher:: Seidel

Year of publication:: 1930

Scope:: XII, 294 S.

Digitisation:: 2022

Collection:: Economics Books

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Chapter

Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Vierter Abschnitt. Altgriechenland und das Römerreich

Collection:: Economics Books

DRESDEN. 193 until 31st March, 1908. Under that agreement the hourly rate for bricklayers and masons, carpenters and joiners was fixed at 6c?., to be increased from 1st April, 1906, to 6‘6c?., and from 1st April, 1907, to 7c?., while for labourers (other than hod carriers) the rates agreed to were 4'8c?., rising to o 3c?. and o'6c?. The length of the working day in winter was left to individual arrangement. For the summer season (1st April to 30th September) the hours, exclusive of intervals, were fixed as follows :—In 1905,10 per day, but 8 only on Saturdays ; in 1906, 9^ with 7\ on Saturdays ; and in 1907, 9 hours with 7 on Saturdays. The earnings for a full week under this agreement were, therefore, up till 1st October, 1905, 295. for bricklayers, masons, carpenters and joiners, and 23s. 2c?. for labourers other than hod carriers, while the present rates are 305. 2c?. and 245. 5c?. respectively. Under this agreement hod carriers are paid the same rate per hour as bricklayers, masons, carpenters and joiners, the explanation given for this curious fact being that the work of carrying bricks and mortar is exceedingly arduous and requires more than the average physical powers. Amongst the other principal groups of workpeople employed in the building trades the weekly wages of skilled men range from 24& 5c?. for paperhangers (who, it should be remarked, are also upholsterers and layers of linoleum, etc.) to 325. 6c?. for stone-cutters. The standard weekly hours of labour are 55 for painters, 52 for stucco-workers, paperhangers and marble-cutters, and 50 for stone-cutters. For one important group of workpeople usually classed with the building trades in British statistics, viz., plumbers, no strict comparison can he made. In Dresden, and indeed in Germany generally, the work of fitting and repairing gas and water pipes is done either by the Schlosser or the Klempner, both of them craftsmen for whom we have no exact equivalents in the United Kingdom. The Schlosser's craft, originally confined to the making of locks, has in course of time been extended so as to comprise a great variety of other smith’s work, requiring the use of the vice and file, as well as certain branches of the work undertaken only by plumbers in the United Kingdom. The craft of the Klempner (called a Spengler in South Germany) who was originally a tinsmith only, has undergone a somewhat similar evolution, and now comprises plumbing as well as the making and repairing of a variety of household requisites (such as lamps, chandeliers, etc.) of bronze, brass and iron. Ko general wages agreements are in force for the men belonging to either of these crafts, but returns furnished by large manufacturers who employ many Schlosser and Klempner, show that the majority earn from 27s> to 28s. in a full week without overtime. Printing, Paper, and Allied Trades.—The wages shown in the Table are those paid under the general agreement for the printing trades of Germany, to which reference has been made in the reports on other towns. In the manufacture of sensitized paper for photographic purposes the bulk of the operatives are women and girls. Such men as are employed in this industry are unskilled. In cardboard goods manufacture the two principal groups of skilled male operatives are fully qualified Schlosser (see u fitters in fable) and bookbinders respectively. The Schlosser's work in this industry consists in making the wire rivets and fastenings by which the goods are held together. Food, Drink, and Tobacco Trades.—Among the trades falling within this group the tobacco, cigarette, chocolate and sweetstuff industiies are of great local importance, but are carried on almost entirely with female labour. In cigarette and tobacco factories the male staff is made up of fitter s and mechanics, bookbinders and cardboard cutters, a few cigarette machinemen and cigarette-tube machinemen, knife-grinders, tobacco-cutters, and day labourers (including packers). In the chocolate and sweetstuff industry the male operatives- who here again are far outnumbered by the female—consist of makers of chocolate goods, makers of sweets composed entirely or mainly of sugar, caramel boilers, the gingerbread makers, the packers, the warehousemen and yardmen, and the Uread-bakino- and cornmilling are engaged in on a large scale by certain local firms who supply the greater part of the demand for these products in Dresden. Journeymen millers, a class of men who rank as " skilled, 2 B 29088

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