Ursachen der Amerikanischen Concurrenz

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 82998979X

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-86655

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Ursachen der Amerikanischen Concurrenz

Place of publication:: Berlin

Publisher:: Bahr

Year of publication:: 1883

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (825 S.)

Collection:: Economics Books

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PART Ii. MerayL ALcoHOL—METHANOL. Two processes, the Patart and the Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik, are operating in Europe for the synthesis of methyl alcohol which is known commercially as methanol. The synthesis is effected by passing mixtures of producer gas (carbon monoxide) and hydrogen at a pressure of 200 atmospheres and a temperature of 400—500 deg.C. over a catalyst of zine oxide and chromic acid. On cooling the reaction product under pressure, a good yield of practically pure methyl alcohol is obtained. The process is stated to be economical and during last year methyl alcohol has been exported from Germany at a price which threatens the wood distillation industry. SYNTHOL. Carbon monoxide is also hydrogenated in the presence of iron and potash at a temperature of 410deg.C. and a pressure of 100 atmospheres to a complicated mixture of organic derivatives which 1s sold as a motor fuel under the name of ‘* Synthol.”’ It is significant that the German Dye Trust is erecting large plant for the carbonisation of coal in the centre of the German coal area with the object of producing either motalin or methanol to the extent of 250,000 to 300,000 tons per annum. Germany's annual consumption of motor fuel is 600,000 tons, and it is the intention to increase production to this amount. The Trust has made provision for the marketing of the fuel by acquiring a half interest in the Deutsche Gasolin Company and it appears that the oil companies fear the competition of the new fuel in the German fuel market, for both the Standard Oil Company and the Shell Company have entered into partnership with the Trust. each having acquired 259, of the Deutsche Gasolin shares. In conclusion it might be mentioned that the Maihle process, in which vegetable oils are cracked, and the products hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst, is in operation in Belgium on an experi- mental scale. If the process develops the oil-bearing seeds of the tropics will play a part in supplying future requirements of fuel oil. Summary. In view of the increasing demand for liquid fuel and the doubtful adequacy of future supplies of petroleum, the possibilities of producing alcohol as an alternative fuel are discussed. The suitability of the different raw materials is considered and allowing for a considerable fall in the price of petrol it is concluded that alcohol can be produced commercially in Kenya from molasses and possibly from cassava. Even though it can compete with petrol attention is drawn to the possibility that agricultural alcohol for power purposes may be driven from the market by synthetic alcohol or by a competitive fuel produced by the liquefaction of coal. Mr. SIMPSON regretted that, as agriculturists, they could have very little to say. The question of industrial alcohol was a most important one to tropical and sub-tropical countries and had been considered very carefully for some considerable time. In Uganda, the question was one of very grave importance. as motor transport 47

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