Régime des chambres de commerce

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 834582015

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-77707

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Régime des chambres de commerce

Place of publication:: Paris

Publisher:: Libr.-impr. réunies

Year of publication:: 1894

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (390 S)

Collection:: Economics Books

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BOCHUM. '81 The conditions of labour in the coal mines have been modified in some respects by the law which was passed by the Prussian Parliament in consequence of the Westphalia miners’ strike of 1905. Thus the system of “Nullen”— the disallowance of lorries containing an excessive amount of stone—has been abolished, and fines (which may not exceed 5&. for a single month) have been introduced instead. Workmen’s Committees (Ausschüsse) have been made obligatory in all collieries employing at least 100 men. The hours of hewers and trammers are now eight daily, the day being divided into three shifts : Morning shift, 5.80 to 1.30 ; afternoon shift, 2 to 10 ; night shift, 9 to 5. Those of other underground workers, drivers, &c., are nine, and surfacemen work 10 hours, between 5.30 a.m. and 5.30 p.m. Fourteen days’ notice is universal, the notice taking effect at the end of a month. The wages books are made up to the month’s end, and wages are paid in the second half of the following month, though payments on account to the extent of half the amount due may be claimed during the first half. In the iron, steel and engineering works the usual hours are 10 daily, between six and six, with three intervals amounting to two hours, or, in one case, from 7 to 6.30, with a single noon interval of an hour and a half. Wages are paid fortnightly, a week after the lists are made up, and a fortnight’s notice, tendered on the 1st or loth of the month, is required on either side. The coal miners are paid for the most part by piece (Gedinge), after deductions covering the cost price of explosives, light, &c. Most of the colliery companies provide dwellings for a large proportion of their men, especially where the mines are situated in the open country, and the rents for these dwellings, which are below the rents that would have to be paid in town, are deducted at the monthly settlements. The highest wages are those of the hewers, who earn, as a rule, 31s. per week of six shifts. Trammers earn from 18s. 4¿. to 21s. Id. ; wall builders, 30s. 4d. to 34s. 2d. ; drivers, 19s. bd. to 20s. bd. ; while adult workers at the pithead earn from Ids. 10¿¿. to 21s. Cokemakers earn from 24s. to 27s. The hewers and trammers form 50 per cent, of the entire workers in most mines, the other underground workers 28*4 per cent., and the adult workers overhead 18*4 per cent. It has been estimated that during the period 1898 to 1904 the wages of the underground workers in the Dortmund district amounted to 46*6 per cent, of the value of the coal output, coke and briquettes being disregarded, this percentage comparing with 36 5 per cent, in the State mines of the Saar basin and 27*2 in Upper Silesia. The past 30 years have seen a steady upward movement in miners’ wages throughout the whole of Westphalia, and, while there have been temporary fluctuations, the level now reached has only once before been exceeded—viz., in 1900, which was a year of unparalleled prosperity in this industry. The following record of this movement of wages refers to one of the largest collieries in the Bochum district ; the figures represent the average earnings per shift for the whole of the men employed :— 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890 Year. s. d. 2 11 2 8 2 10 2 11 2 10 2 10 2 9 2 9 2 10 3 2 3 6 Year. 1891 1892 1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899 1900 1901 1902 1903 1904 1905 s. d. 3 8 3 6 3 2 3 5 3 10 4 0 4 2 4 4 4 3 3 10 4 2 4 2 4 3 29088 Figures not available. L

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