The new industrial revolution and wages

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Monograph

Identifikator:: 844773522

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-50582

Document type:: Monograph

Author:: Tissot, Victor http://d-nb.info/gnd/117628085

Title:: La Hongrie de l'Adriatique au Danube

Place of publication:: Paris

Publisher:: Plon

Year of publication:: 1883

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (412 S., [12] Bl.)

Collection:: Economics Books

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Document type:: Monograph

Structure type:: Chapter

Title:: Chapitre XVIIII

Collection:: Economics Books

PRE-WAR PRINCIPLES AND METHODS 19 visionary advocate in pre-war years could not have antici- pated in his wildest dreams. THE “SuBsisTENCE MINIMUM” Social and charitable workers were the first to see the necessity for new conditions and to advocate the begin- nings of their attainment. This was, as might have been expected, for the reason that their work and daily activi- ties brought them into immediate contact with the human and social evils of the prevailing wage system. They soon discovered that poverty, dependency, and delinquency were the inevitable outgrowth of conditions then existing. As they proceeded in their studies of the status of wage- earners they found that among families in the lowest industrial scale the requirements of physical life alone— food, shelter, clothing, and fuel—necessitated a certain minimum family income, and when the earnings of the husband, or the collective earnings of husband, wife and children, fell below the ability to satisfy these bare animal necessities, the family became a public charge. The earn- ings of the head of the family, it was therefore concluded, should never, under any conditions, be less than sufficient to cover the requirements of minimum family subsistence. The next step was to find out what wages and earnings actually were, and to compare them with these minimum requirements. This comparison developed the astounding fact that, among the multitude of unskilled American workers, average earnings were generally inadequate; in other words, that the heads of families could not provide their families with a bare physical subsistence. Equally startling was the discovery also that even this was difficult when the wages of the head of the family were supple- mented by the earnings of children, who should have been in school, and by the contributions of wives and mothers,

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