Cost of living in German towns

Bibliographic data

Monograph

Identifikator:: 866449027

URN:: urn:nbn:de:zbw-retromon-93831

Document type:: Monograph

Title:: Cost of living in German towns

Place of publication:: London

Publisher:: Stat. Off.

Year of publication:: 1908

Scope:: 1 Online-Ressource (LXI, 548 Seiten)

Collection:: Economics Books

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126 BRUNSWICK. Brunswick, the capital of the duchy of the same name, is a large and flourishing town situated about 55 miles to the west of Magdeburg and 37 miles to the east of Hanover on the main line connecting all three towns with Berlin. It is a place of considerable industrial importance, and is a principal centre of the beet sugar and canned goods industries, Brunswick being situated in an extensive and fertile plain, the soil of which is peculiarly favourable to the growth of beetroot, asparagus, &c. The presence of potash mines within the borders of the State adds to the prosperity of the beet-sugar industry, inasmuch as the potash salts, the chemical products from these mines, when used as a manure, increase very materially the amount of saccharine matter in beetroot. The industries of Brunswick also include machinery works, beer brewing, and jute spinning. For many centuries the town has enjoyed a high commercial reputation, and as early as the middle of the 13th century it ranked third amongst the famous Hanseatic towns. Brunswick consists of two clearly defined parts, viz., the old and the new town, or as they are known locally, the inner and the outer town. As these terms suggest, Brunswick was formerly fortified, and it was further protected by the river Oker which partly encircled the walls, and also by a broad moat commencing from the river at the southern end of the town and rejoining it at the northern end. To-day spacious gardens and promenades occupy the lines of the old fortifications ; and, in addition, there are several large open spaces on the outskirts of the new town, and also two parks. Through what were once gateways in the city walls there run to-day fine straight and broad roads into the surrounding country, and the whole aspect of the new town is a tribute to the municipal policy which has not permitted the builder to follow his own caprice but has compelled him to conform to a well-devised plan of town extension. The old town contains many narrow and winding streets, and here are found fine specimens of the art of the 16th and 17th century builders —houses with overhanging storeys and massive carved beams. Nevertheless, Old Brunswick is amply provided with broad well-kept streets and fine open squares. An excellent system of electric trams connects the outlying portions of the town with the centre. Workmen’s tickets are only issued on the section which runs out to Wolfenbüttel, a distance of about seven miles, and the price of a weekly ticket covering twelve journeys is Is. 5d. The large factories are situated either on the confines of the inner town or outside in the open country. The municipality does not as yet undertake all the services which are usually found in public hands in German towns. The tramways and electric works belong to private companies, wdiilst the municipal undertakings comprise the gas and water services and the public abattoir. In 1883 the Elberfeld system of poor relief was adopted by the authorities, and remains still in force. Brunswick is a towm of rapid growth. In 1814 its population was 29,934. By 1861 it had increased to 42,209. Subsequent census returns are given in the following Table :— Year. Population. Intercensal Increase. Increase per Cent. 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 57,883 65,938 75,038 85,174 101,047 115,138 128,226 136,162 8,055 9,100 10,136 15,873 14,091 13,088 7,936 13-9 13 8 13 5 18 6 13-9 11-4 G'2

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